Early adulthood education/employment transitions and the development of inequalities in diet quality and cardiovascular health

心血管疾病占英国所有死亡人数的26%，估计每年花费英国经济190亿英镑。不良饮食是心血管疾病的主要诱因之一。为了帮助人们制定健康的饮食和预防心血管疾病，我们需要更多地了解饮食模式如何随着时间的推移而发展，它们如何受到生活方式变化的影响，以及这些影响在不同人群之间的差异。成年早期（16-24岁）是一个生活方式发生变化的时期，因为个人从学校和家庭环境转向高等教育和/或就业，开始独立生活。这是一个重要的时间来支持个人发展健康的习惯，然后将坚持到成年。在这项研究中，我将讨论成年早期发生的变化如何导致成年后不同人群之间饮食和心血管健康的差异。在我的研究中，我将研究：1。成年早期教育和就业参与的变化模式与成人饮食和心血管健康有何关系？2.成年早期的教育/就业过渡与饮食和饮食行为的变化有何关联？3.哪些因素会影响成年早期教育/就业过渡期间饮食和饮食行为的变化？我将利用现有的最佳数据集来研究英国（1970年英国队列研究和雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究）和国际（西澳大利亚怀孕队列（Raine）研究和ProjectEAT队列（美国））的这些问题，并将收集我自己的数据来研究英国个人离开学校时饮食的变化。这项研究建立在我以前在这一领域的工作基础上，包括文献综述，挪威数据集中生活转变过程中饮食变化的分析，以及英国国家饮食和营养调查中饮食质量和心血管健康的横截面分析。这项研究将在剑桥MRC流行病学单位的饮食和活动研究中心（CEDAR）进行，该中心专门研究影响饮食和身体活动相关行为的因素。我将与在我的主办机构工作的专家以及在心血管健康，营养，饮食行为和数据收集和分析方法的专业知识方面具有专业知识的外部合作者合作。这项研究将有助于更好地了解与成年早期饮食和饮食行为变化有关的因素，以及这些变化在不同人群之间的差异。这项研究的结果将有助于学者和政策制定者了解帮助人们改善这个年龄段饮食和减少心血管疾病的最有效方法。

Cardiovascular disease is responsible for 26% of all deaths in the UK and estimated to cost the UK economy £19 billion each year. Poor diet is one of the key contributors to cardiovascular disease. In order to help people develop healthy diets and prevent cardiovascular disease we need to know more about how patterns of diet develop over time, how they are influenced by lifestyle changes, and how these influences differ between different population groups. Early adulthood (ages 16-24) is a time when many lifestyle changes are seen, as individuals move from school and family environments, to higher education and/or employment and begin to live independently. This is an important time to support individuals to develop healthy habits which will then persist into adulthood. In this research I will address the question of how the changes that take place in early adulthood contribute to the differences seen in diet and cardiovascular health between different groups of the population in adulthood. In my research I will study:1. How are patterns of changes in education and employment participation over early adulthood related to adult diet and cardiovascular health?2. How are the education/employment transitions of early adulthood associated with changes in diet and eating behaviours?3. What are factors that influence changes in diet and eating behaviours across early adulthood education/employment transitions?I will make use of the best existing datasets available to study these questions in the UK (The 1970 British Cohort Study and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) and internationally (Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study and the ProjectEAT cohort (US)), and will also collect my own data to examine changes in diet as individuals leave school in the UK. The study builds on my previous work in this area, including literature review, analysis of changes in diet across life transitions in a Norwegian dataset, and cross-sectional analysis of diet quality and cardiovascular health in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey. The research will be carried out at the Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), within the MRC Epidemiology Unit in Cambridge, which conducts research specifically focusing on the factors that influence dietary and physical activity related behaviours. I will collaborate with experts working in my host institute as well as external collaborators with expertise in cardiovascular health, nutrition, eating behaviours and specialist knowledge of data collection and analysis methods. This research will lead to a better understanding of the factors that are linked to changes in diet and eating behaviours during early adulthood, and how these changes differ between different groups of the population. The findings from this research will help academics and policymakers to understand the most effective way to help people to improve their diet over this age range and reduce cardiovascular disease.