CORE--PARTICLE EXPOSURE CHARACTERISTICS

核心--颗粒暴露特性

• 批准号: 6226039
• 负责人: PETROS KOUTRAKIS
• 金额: $ 21.96万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-27 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6226039
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; atmospheric pressure; biomedical facility; carbon monoxide; circadian rhythms; data collection; hazardous substances; nitrogen oxides; particle; sulfates; temperature

Core 2 will be responsible for measuring the concentrations and the physical and chemical properties of the particles in outdoor and indoor environments for all three epidemiologic studies. Outdoor particle concentrations will be measured for all program projects at an ambient monitoring site located near HSPH. Continuous and integrated particle measurements will be made, including mass concentration, size distribution, oxidative potential, and composition of outdoor particles. Inorganic ion, strong acidity, trace metal, and elemental and organic carbon concentrations will be measured, as will carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (S02). In other PM2.5 concentrations will also be measured in residential and other micro- environments using our recently developed Continuous Aerosol Mass Monitor (CAMM) for measurement of + hour particle concentrations. These indoor particle measurements will be supplemented by continuous measurements of sulfate (a tracer of outdoor pollution) and CO concentrations. These measurements will make it possible to (1) relate particulate and gaseous exposures to health effects on a near-real time basis, (2) characterize the diurnal variation in indoor particle concentrations, (3) estimate the contribution of outdoor particles to indoor particulate mass concentrations, and (4) determine the importance of confounding by CO. This provides all of the information on outdoor and micro-environmental exposures. In addition, it will provide support to all projects in understanding the sources of and types of particles and relating the observed health effects to the measured particle physico-chemical properties. This Core not only provides engineering expertise and facilities for characterizing exposures, but also provides an exposure assessment framework that will integrate exposure and health effects. This exposure framework will be of paramount importance to the interpretation and synthesis of the collected data.

核心2将负责在所有三项流行病学研究中测量室外和室内环境中颗粒的浓度和物理和化学性质。所有项目的室外颗粒浓度将在HSPH附近的环境监测点进行测量。将进行连续和集成的颗粒测量，包括质量浓度，尺寸分布，氧化电位和室外颗粒的组成。将测量无机离子、强酸性、微量金属、元素和有机碳浓度，以及一氧化碳（CO）、臭氧（O3）、二氧化氮（NO2）和二氧化硫（S02）的浓度。此外，还将使用我们最近开发的连续气溶胶质量监测仪（CAMM）测量住宅和其他微环境中的PM2.5浓度，以测量+小时颗粒浓度。这些室内颗粒测量将由硫酸盐（室外污染的示踪剂）和CO浓度的连续测量补充。这些测量将有可能(1)在接近实时的基础上将颗粒和气体暴露与健康影响联系起来，(2)表征室内颗粒浓度的日变化，(3)估计室外颗粒对室内颗粒质量浓度的贡献，以及(4)确定一氧化碳混淆的重要性。这提供了有关室外和微环境暴露的所有信息。此外，它将为所有项目提供支持，以了解颗粒的来源和类型，并将观察到的健康影响与测量到的颗粒物理化学性质联系起来。该核心不仅提供了描述暴露特征的工程专业知识和设施，而且还提供了一个将暴露和健康影响整合在一起的暴露评估框架。这一暴露框架对于解释和综合所收集的数据至关重要。