CORE--PARTICLE EXPOSURE CHARACTERISTICS

核心--颗粒暴露特性

• 批准号: 6502520
• 负责人: PETROS KOUTRAKIS
• 金额: $ 19.62万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6502520
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; atmospheric pressure; biomedical facility; carbon monoxide; circadian rhythms; data collection; hazardous substances; nitrogen oxides; particle; sulfates; temperature

Core 2 will be responsible for measuring the concentrations and the physical and chemical properties of the particles in outdoor and indoor environments for all three epidemiologic studies. Outdoor particle concentrations will be measured for all program projects at an ambient monitoring site located near HSPH. Continuous and integrated particle measurements will be made, including mass concentration, size distribution, oxidative potential, and composition of outdoor particles. Inorganic ion, strong acidity, trace metal, and elemental and organic carbon concentrations will be measured, as will carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (S02). In other PM2.5 concentrations will also be measured in residential and other micro- environments using our recently developed Continuous Aerosol Mass Monitor (CAMM) for measurement of + hour particle concentrations. These indoor particle measurements will be supplemented by continuous measurements of sulfate (a tracer of outdoor pollution) and CO concentrations. These measurements will make it possible to (1) relate particulate and gaseous exposures to health effects on a near-real time basis, (2) characterize the diurnal variation in indoor particle concentrations, (3) estimate the contribution of outdoor particles to indoor particulate mass concentrations, and (4) determine the importance of confounding by CO. This provides all of the information on outdoor and micro-environmental exposures. In addition, it will provide support to all projects in understanding the sources of and types of particles and relating the observed health effects to the measured particle physico-chemical properties. This Core not only provides engineering expertise and facilities for characterizing exposures, but also provides an exposure assessment framework that will integrate exposure and health effects. This exposure framework will be of paramount importance to the interpretation and synthesis of the collected data.

Core 2 将负责测量室外和室内环境中颗粒的浓度以及物理和化学性质，以进行所有三项流行病学研究。所有项目的室外颗粒物浓度将在 HSPH 附近的环境监测点进行测量。将进行连续和综合的颗粒测量，包括室外颗粒的质量浓度、尺寸分布、氧化电位和成分。将测量无机离子、强酸度、痕量金属、元素和有机碳浓度，以及一氧化碳 (CO)、臭氧 (O3)、二氧化氮 (NO2) 和二氧化硫 (SO2)。在其他 PM2.5 浓度中，也将使用我们最近开发的连续气溶胶质量监测器 (CAMM) 来测量住宅和其他微环境中的 + 小时颗粒浓度。这些室内颗粒测量将通过连续测量硫酸盐（室外污染的示踪剂）和二氧化碳浓度来补充。这些测量将使得（1）近乎实时地将颗粒物和气体暴露与健康影响联系起来，（2）表征室内颗粒物浓度的日变化，（3）估计室外颗粒物对室内颗粒物质量浓度的贡献，以及（4）确定二氧化碳混杂的重要性。这提供了有关室外和微环境暴露的所有信息。此外，它将为所有项目提供支持，以了解颗粒的来源和类型，并将观察到的健康影响与测量的颗粒物理化学特性联系起来。该核心不仅提供了用于表征暴露的工程专业知识和设施，而且还提供了一个将暴露和健康影响结合起来的暴露评估框架。该暴露框架对于解释和综合所收集的数据至关重要。