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Trust after Betrayal: Global development interventions in the shadow of organized violence

背叛后的信任：有组织暴力阴影下的全球发展干预

基本信息

批准号：
MR/T043431/1
负责人：
Erin McFee
金额：
$ 125.89万
依托单位：
London School of Economics and Political Science
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT043431%2F1
关键词：
Trust after Betrayal Global development

项目摘要

This project is an interdisciplinary investigation into global development interventions that unfold against the backdrop of organised violence. It applies a novel approach to studying development interventions in situ by weaving together expertise in organizational and behavioural studies with deep ethnographic knowledge of war, post-war, and non-war violent contexts to analyse the intersection of organizational dynamics and gendered social processes that comprise everyday community life among the populations targeted by these interventions. It asks first how interpersonal trust is forged, contested, and undermined within these structured encounters that attempt to promote development and social repair, tracing these dynamics out into daily social interactions. It then asks what the implications are of these findings for program and policy design and evaluation. This project directly responds to the near complete absence of academic and practitioner attention to the topic of interpersonal trust in this domain, despite the widespread acknowledgement that mistrust is a common challenge in these environments. The project sites are located in Latin America due to the persistent high levels of organised violence in the region. Colombia, Mexico, and El Salvador, in particular, are home to nearly 80% of the homicide deaths in the region, and receive 22% of all Official Development Assistance. Despite this regional focus, however, the findings will have implications at the global level for violence-affected populations, intervention agencies, and donor communities.The project approaches its analytic problem of from the perspective of individuals attempting (re)integration or (re)entry into a receiving community - former guerrillas, the formerly incarcerated, ex-gang members. This design decision acknowledges that the definitional boundaries of these identity categories are dynamic, often with blurred boundaries along a variety of axes (e.g., legality, violence, and governability). Nevertheless, new knowledge about trust- and community-building in these contexts can have globally relevant implications for comparable communities in substantive, even if differentiated ways. It moves away from more standard victims-centric approach because it aspires to break cycles of violence from the social position of those previously implicated in that violence and who have since decided to pursue peaceful alternatives. This positioning comes with two caveats: first, it takes seriously the complex social and historical contexts and assemblage of actors within which they embed, acknowledging that there is often no clear dichotomy between betrayers and the betrayed. Second, that such pathways to redemption are co-constructed between the individual and his or her contemporaries through daily life and the intervention encounter and are not the result of individual volition alone.Researching trust after betrayal represents a complex undertaking, beyond the scope of a single discipline. To address this, the project deploys a primarily ethnographic research design, while also drawing from semi-structured interviews, archival research, and life histories. It builds on existing conversations with practitioners and scholars in the host countries in anthropology, organizational studies, and peace studies, drawing from emerging work on the theoretical and methodological contributions of these domains. It also works in conversation with public policy, area, international, and development studies. As a result, it will not only contribute novel theory and empirical insight, but also to the science of conducting interdisciplinary research. It uses a transnational, non-extractive research approach to ensure contextual relevance, increase the potential impact of the study's findings, and decolonise academic research through various approaches to knowledge-sharing and stakeholder engagement.

该项目是对在有组织暴力背景下展开的全球发展干预措施的跨学科调查。它采用了一种新的方法来研究发展干预措施，通过将组织和行为研究的专业知识与战争，战后和非战争暴力背景的深入民族志知识编织在一起，分析组织动态和性别社会过程的交叉点，这些过程包括这些干预措施所针对的人群的日常社区生活。它首先询问了人际信任是如何在这些试图促进发展和社会修复的结构化遭遇中形成、竞争和破坏的，并将这些动态追踪到日常的社会互动中。然后，它问这些研究结果对方案和政策设计和评估的影响是什么。这个项目直接回应了几乎完全没有学术界和从业者关注这个领域的人际信任的话题，尽管广泛承认不信任是这些环境中的一个共同挑战。项目地点位于拉丁美洲，因为该地区有组织的暴力活动持续高发。特别是哥伦比亚、墨西哥和萨尔瓦多，这三个国家的凶杀案死亡人数占该地区的近80%，它们获得的官方发展援助占全部援助的22%。尽管这一区域的重点，然而，调查结果将在全球范围内的暴力影响的人口，干预机构和捐助community.The项目的方法，其分析问题的个人试图（重新）融入或（重新）进入接收社区的角度-前游击队员，以前被监禁，前帮派成员。这一设计决策承认这些身份类别的定义边界是动态的，通常沿着各种轴具有模糊的边界（例如，合法性、暴力和可治理性）。然而，关于在这些背景下建立信任和社区的新知识可能会对类似社区产生具有全球意义的实质性影响，即使是以不同的方式。它摒弃了更标准的以受害者为中心的方法，因为它渴望打破暴力循环，使那些以前卷入暴力并后来决定寻求和平解决办法的人摆脱社会地位。这一定位有两个警告：首先，它认真考虑了复杂的社会和历史背景以及它们所嵌入的行为者组合，承认背叛者和被背叛者之间往往没有明确的二分法。第二，这种救赎之路是个人与他或她的同代人通过日常生活和干预相遇共同构建的，而不仅仅是个人意志的结果。研究背叛后的信任是一项复杂的任务，超出了单一学科的范围。为了解决这个问题，该项目部署了一个主要的民族志研究设计，同时也从半结构化的采访，档案研究和生活史。它建立在与东道国人类学，组织研究和和平研究的从业者和学者的现有对话基础上，借鉴了这些领域的理论和方法贡献的新工作。它还与公共政策，区域，国际和发展研究对话。因此，它不仅将贡献新的理论和经验的见解，而且还进行跨学科研究的科学。它使用跨国，非提取的研究方法，以确保上下文相关性，增加研究结果的潜在影响，并通过各种知识共享和利益相关者参与的方法，使学术研究非殖民化。