EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER IN INDIA

伤寒被认为是印度的一大问题，但这是事实 发病率尚不确定。为未来的现场试验做准备 伤寒疫苗，这项研究正在建立两个现场站点，一个城市 德里的一个地点和马德拉斯附近的钦格尔普特的一个农村地点进行监测 受试者队列中的伤寒发病率。德里的网站包括一个 人口约19,000人，而钦格尔普特有近 3.3万人。在德里最初六个月的监视期间 该网站的数据预测，每年的发病率高达每1000人4.6例， 而在钦格尔普特最初3个月的监测中，数据显示 预计发病率为每1000人中有1人。所有伤寒病例都在 追踪最多3个月，以确定伤寒相关残疾，以及 病例对照研究嵌套在这些队列中以评估食物， 与伤寒风险有关的水源和卫生做法，如 以及幽门螺杆菌混合感染在影响这一风险中的作用。 未来的血清调查将能够确定特定年龄段的 抗-d抗体的血清阳性率，以提供补充证据 解决伤寒的负担。

Typhoid fever is perceived to be a major problem in India, but its true incidence is uncertain. In preparation for future field trials of typhoid vaccines, this research is establishing two field sites, an urban site in Delhi and a rural site in Chingleput near Madras, to monitor typhoid incidence in cohorts of subjects. The site in Delhi comprises a population of about 19,000 persons, while that in Chingleput has nearly 33,000 persons. During the initial six months of surveillance in Delhi site, the data project an annual incidence of up to 4.6 cases per 1,000, while during the initial 3 months of surveillance in Chingleput, the data project an incidence of 1 per 1,000. All cases of typhoid are being followed for up to 3 months to determine typhoid-related disability, and case-control studies are nested within these cohorts to assess foods, water sources, and hygienic practices associated with typhoid risk, as well as the role of H. pylori coinfection in influencing this risk. Future serosurveys will enable determination of the age-specific seroprevalence of anti-d antibodies, to provide complementary evidence addressing the burden of typhoid.