EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER IN INDIA

伤寒被认为是印度的一个主要问题， 发病率不确定。 为了准备未来的实地试验， 伤寒疫苗，这项研究正在建立两个实地地点，一个城市 在德里的一个地点和马德拉斯附近的Chingleput的一个农村地点进行监测， 受试者队列中的伤寒发病率。 该网站在德里包括一个 人口约19，000人，而在Chingleput有近 33 000人。 在德里最初六个月的监视期间， 该网站的数据显示，每年的发病率高达每1000人4.6例， 而在Chingleput的最初3个月的监测中， 预计发病率为千分之一 所有的伤寒病例 随访长达3个月，以确定伤寒相关残疾，以及 病例对照研究嵌套在这些队列中以评估食物， 水源和与伤寒风险相关的卫生做法， 以及H. pylori合并感染对这种风险有影响。 未来的血清调查将能够确定年龄特异性 抗d抗体的血清阳性率，以提供补充证据 解决伤寒的负担。

Typhoid fever is perceived to be a major problem in India, but its true incidence is uncertain. In preparation for future field trials of typhoid vaccines, this research is establishing two field sites, an urban site in Delhi and a rural site in Chingleput near Madras, to monitor typhoid incidence in cohorts of subjects. The site in Delhi comprises a population of about 19,000 persons, while that in Chingleput has nearly 33,000 persons. During the initial six months of surveillance in Delhi site, the data project an annual incidence of up to 4.6 cases per 1,000, while during the initial 3 months of surveillance in Chingleput, the data project an incidence of 1 per 1,000. All cases of typhoid are being followed for up to 3 months to determine typhoid-related disability, and case-control studies are nested within these cohorts to assess foods, water sources, and hygienic practices associated with typhoid risk, as well as the role of H. pylori coinfection in influencing this risk. Future serosurveys will enable determination of the age-specific seroprevalence of anti-d antibodies, to provide complementary evidence addressing the burden of typhoid.