The properties, mechanisms, and hazards of interplate and intraplate earthquakes in India

印度板间和板内地震的性质、机制和危害

• 批准号: NE/Z503484/1
• 负责人: Daniel Faulkner
• 金额: $ 108.41万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FZ503484%2F1
• 关键词: properties; mechanisms; hazards; interplate; intraplate

Describe the research in simple terms in a way that could be publicised to a general audience. This will be made publicly available, and Applicants are responsible for ensuring that the content is suitable for publication. No more than, 4000 characters including spaces and returns.Seismic hazards endanger both human lives and critical infrastructure, underscoring the need for a more profound understanding of earthquake dynamics and precise risk assessment, especially in regions prone to infrequent, long-recurrence events. Globally, earthquakes predominantly cluster along tectonic plate boundaries, where heightened seismic risk is acknowledged despite the lack of precise information on location and timing of earthquakes. Conversely, intraplate regions, situated away from these boundaries, also experience significant earthquakes, presenting a distinct challenge due to their rarity. Notably, these seismically active intraplate regions often coincide with large urban centres, amplifying potential risks.Key features that distinguish interplate and intraplate earthquakes include (1) variations in the stress on the fault that drives slip; (2) earthquake magnitude-frequency distributions - the number of small earthquakes in a region relative to large earthquakes; and (3) source parameters that dictate the severity of an earthquake, including the stress drop, duration of the event, and precursory phases that occur immediately preceding earthquakes. Investigating these distinctions and the underlying reasons responsible for them, as well as documenting historical earthquake events, holds promise for both a more comprehensive understanding of earthquakes and a pathway to enhanced regional seismic hazard assessment.Our project is dedicated to exploring the fundamental physics of earthquake rupture and documenting historical earthquakes within the Indian subcontinent including the public and state response to these events. These endeavours are inextricably linked and involve distinguishing the characteristic features between interplate and intraplate regions through a combination of laboratory experiments, borehole stress measurements, and seismic monitoring, and developing better records of historical seismicity and the response to it. By scrutinizing stress conditions, rock properties, earthquake magnitudes, source characteristics, and infrequent historical events, we aim to elevate the precision of risk analysis in key regions within India.The knowledge gained from these activities will be brought together to craft an educational and outreach initiative aimed at both the general population (through schools) and local government through education on the scientific and historical nature of earthquake hazard and development of tools to improve decision making. The program will heighten public awareness regarding earthquake risks, promote straightforward life-saving measures, and develop better planning to prepare and deal with future seismic hazard.

用简单的术语描述可以向普通受众群体公开的方式。这将公开可用，申请人负责确保内容适合发布。不超过4000个字符，包括空间和回报。危害人类生命和关键基础设施，强调了对地震动态和精确风险评估的更深刻理解的需求，尤其是在容易发生，长期持续事件的地区。在全球范围内，地震主要沿着构造板板边界聚集，尽管缺乏有关地震的位置和时机的精确信息，但仍承认地震风险。相反，远离这些边界的内部区域也经历了巨大的地震，由于其稀有性而构成了明显的挑战。值得注意的是，这些具有地震活跃的板内区域通常与大型城市中心一致，扩大了潜在的风险。区分板间和板内地震的关键特征包括（1）驱动滑动的断层压力的变化； （2）地震频率分布 - 相对于大地震的地区的小地震数； （3）决定地震严重程度的源参数，包括应力下降，事件的持续时间以及在地震之前发生的前术相。调查这些区别和负责它们的根本原因，以及记录历史地震事件，对地震的更全面理解和增强区域地震危害评估的途径具有更全面的理解。您的项目致力于探索地震破裂的基本物理学，并记录印度在印度的地震中，包括这些事件，包括这些事件，包括这些事件，包括这些事件以及这些事件以及这些事件。这些努力是密不可分的，涉及通过实验室实验，钻孔应力测量以及地震监测的结合，从而区分板间和板间区域之间的特征，并制定更好的历史地震性性记录及其对其响应。通过仔细检查压力条件，岩石性能，地震幅度，原始特征和不经常的历史事件，我们旨在提升印度关键地区的风险分析的精确性。这些活动所获得的知识将聚集在一起，以制定一项教育和宣传计划，旨在通过对一般人群（通过学校）进行教育（通过教育），以改善危险性和地球的发展工具，以促进一般的教育，以使其发展范围和地球的发展工具。该计划将提高公众对地震风险的认识，促进直截了当的挽救生命的措施，并制定更好的计划，以准备和应对未来的地震危害。