English and Scottish Scholars at the Global Library: From Aleppo to Massachusetts (1500-1700)

全球图书馆的英国和苏格兰学者：从阿勒颇到马萨诸塞州（1500-1700）

• 批准号: MR/W009609/1
• 负责人: John-Mark Philo
• 金额: $ 134.85万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FW009609%2F1
• 关键词: English; Scottish; Scholars; Global; Library

In Spring, 1606, Samuel Slade arrived at Paris, where he had been sent by his mentor, Sir Henry Savile, to scour the libraries of Europe and the Middle East for manuscript works in Greek. From Paris, he travelled to the libraries of Augsburg, and from Augsburg to the collections of Munich and Vienna. In 1608, having hastily copied manuscripts at Venice, he ventured further still, seeking out the collections of Istanbul, the island of Halki, and even the monastery libraries of Mount Athos. Slade's remarkable journey was just one of many undertaken by English and Scottish poets, scientists, and antiquaries throughout the early-modern period to the libraries of mainland Europe, the Middle East, and North America. From the royal collections of the Escorial in Spain to the private libraries of New England, these scholars left their mark on the collections they visited, annotating manuscripts, trading texts, and even making contributions of their very own. By reconstructing the journeys and activities of these scholars, this project will re-examine the early-modern library not merely as a repository of books, but as a vibrant meeting point of people, languages, and cultures, through which Anglo-Scots scholars exerted a substantial influence on the cultural and intellectual fabric of their host nations. The project has four key areas of focus: (1) Scholarship Across Borders examines the texts, ideas, and scientific discoveries which English and Scottish scholars developed and shared at libraries abroad, from collaborative translations of Greek astronomy to the first Scottish engagements with Arabic literature, as well as the original works which these visiting scholars composed as a thank-you to their international hosts. This stage of the project also reveals how these interactions encouraged the learning of English abroad, a rare phenomenon in a period when English was a small fish in a very large linguistic pond. (2) Library Access examines how Anglo-Scots scholars experienced the social dimensions of the early-modern library, revealing what was achieved through in-person exchanges that could not be replicated through written correspondence. From the women who, unable to access university education, turned to private collections to pursue their scholarship, to Scottish visitors who came to see their international hosts as father figures, Library Access explores the importance of community to the early-modern library. (3) The Library in Motion revises the idea of the library as something fixed, stable, and unchanging. In fact, movement was at the heart of the early-modern library, from the Catholic exiles who found sanctuary at the libraries of Italy and Spain, to the collections that crossed the Atlantic with the early colonists. (4) The Library and Refuge examines the project's central themes - community, movement, and cross-cultural encounters - in relation to the library today, exploring how public libraries can encourage and support social integration and mental well-being among asylum seekers. Through a series of interviews and workshops with refugees and librarians, this stage asks what might be gained for libraries today by looking to collections of the past.When we talk about the Renaissance in relation to England and Scotland, these countries are generally understood as receptacles for cultural and scientific advances from abroad: they imported and reworked traditions, from alchemy to the Petrarchan sonnet. This project reveals the influence that the English and Scots exerted through their presence in the libraries of Europe, North America, and the Middle East, paving the way for wider transnational inter-connectivity in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. By building on my award-winning research on the private libraries of Italy and by embracing a broad range of untouched archival material, this project offers a radically new perspective on the Global Library and the Anglo-Scots visitors it attracted.

1606年春，塞缪尔·斯莱德来到巴黎，他的导师亨利·萨维尔爵士派他到欧洲和中东的图书馆搜寻希腊文手稿。从巴黎，他前往图书馆的奥格斯堡，并从奥格斯堡收集的慕尼黑和维也纳。1608年，他在威尼斯匆匆抄完手稿后，又冒险到更远的地方去寻找伊斯坦布尔、哈尔基岛，甚至阿索斯山修道院图书馆的藏书。斯莱德的非凡之旅只是近代早期英国和苏格兰诗人、科学家和古董商前往欧洲大陆、中东和北美图书馆的众多旅程之一。从西班牙埃斯科里亚尔的皇家收藏到新英格兰的私人图书馆，这些学者在他们访问的收藏品上留下了自己的印记，注释手稿，交易文本，甚至做出自己的贡献。通过重建这些学者的旅程和活动，该项目将重新审视早期现代图书馆，不仅是书籍的存储库，而且是人，语言和文化的充满活力的交汇点，通过这些盎格鲁-苏格兰学者对东道国的文化和知识结构产生了重大影响。该项目有四个重点领域：（1）跨国界奖学金研究了英国和苏格兰学者在国外图书馆开发和分享的文本，思想和科学发现，从希腊天文学的合作翻译到苏格兰与阿拉伯文学的首次接触，以及这些访问学者为感谢他们的国际东道主而创作的原创作品。项目的这一阶段还揭示了这些互动如何鼓励国外学习英语，这在英语是一个非常大的语言池塘中的小鱼的时期是罕见的现象。(2)图书馆访问考察了盎格鲁-苏格兰学者如何经历了早期现代图书馆的社会层面，揭示了通过面对面交流所取得的成就，这些交流无法通过书面信件复制。从那些无法接受大学教育的女性，转向私人收藏以追求奖学金，到苏格兰游客来看他们的国际主机作为父亲人物，图书馆访问探索了社区对早期现代图书馆的重要性。(3)动态图书馆将图书馆的概念重新定义为固定、稳定和不变的东西。事实上，运动是早期现代图书馆的核心，从在意大利和西班牙图书馆找到避难所的天主教流亡者，到与早期殖民者一起跨越大西洋的收藏。(4)图书馆和避难所研究了该项目的中心主题-社区，运动和跨文化接触-与今天的图书馆有关，探索公共图书馆如何鼓励和支持寻求庇护者的社会融合和心理健康。通过对难民和图书馆员的一系列访谈和研讨会，本阶段探讨了通过回顾过去的馆藏，今天的图书馆可能会获得什么。当我们谈到文艺复兴与英格兰和苏格兰的关系时，这些国家通常被理解为来自国外的文化和科学进步的容器：他们进口和改造传统，从炼金术到彼特拉克的十四行诗。该项目揭示了英国人和苏格兰人通过他们在欧洲，北美和中东图书馆的存在所施加的影响，为17世纪末和18世纪更广泛的跨国互联铺平了道路。通过建立在我对意大利私人图书馆的获奖研究基础上，并通过拥抱广泛的未被触及的档案材料，这个项目为全球图书馆及其吸引的盎格鲁-苏格兰游客提供了一个全新的视角。