TOLERANCE TO ALUMINUM IN SOIL BY MYCORRHIZAL & NON MYCORRHIZAL PINES

文献中描述植物的报告数量 对Al 3+暴露的反应反映了一个广泛和日益增长的关注 关于Al 3+释放的影响。 释放出这种潜在的有毒物质 元素可以通过几个过程发生，包括深刻的 环境干扰，如采煤或“酸雨”。 我们 我想验证一个假设， 在松根上生长的着色剂将增加幼苗的耐受性 对Al 3+，从而将增加植物存活后毒素 exposure. 包括磁共振成像（MRI）在内的新技术 用于医学诊断）和完整植物的NMR光谱学 将用于评估真菌和毒素暴露对 根的生长、周转、结构和化学。 超微结构 还将确定Al和P的变化和定位。 接种P. tinctorius并种植在两个矿区的幼苗 还将进行研究，目的是确认有益的效果 共生菌在促进生态系统恢复中的作用。 具体 主要贡献包括：1）根系生长、结构的动态视图 和周转作为铝暴露和菌根的函数 定殖，2）完整根内Al化学的测定，3） Al ~（3+）对磷代谢影响的测定 超微结构信息和元素定位，5）相关 （6）证实了P. tinctorius在保护宿主免受Al 3+毒性方面的作用， 7）进一步发展27 Al NMR波谱技术， 可以扩展到其他研究。

The number of reports within the literature describing plant response to Al3+ exposure reflects a widespread and growing concern about the effects of Al3+ release. Release of this potentially toxic element can occur through several processes, including profound environmental disturbance such as coal mining or "acid rain". We propose to test the hypothesis that the a symbioticfungus Pisolithus tinctorius growing on pine roots will increase tolerance of seedlings to Al3+, and thus will increase plant survival following toxin exposure. New techniques including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI as is used for medical diagnostics) and NMR spectroscopy of intact plants will be used to assess the effect of the fungus and toxin exposure on root growth, turnover and architecture and chemistry. Ultrastructural changes and localization of Al and P will also be determined. Seedlings inoculated with P. tinctorius and planted on two mine sites will also be studied, with the goal of confirming a beneficial effect of the symbiotic fungus in promoting ecosystem restoration. Specific contributions include: 1) dynamic views of root growth, architecture and turnover as a function of Al3+ exposure and mycorrhizal colonization, 2) determination of Al chemistry within intact roots, 3) determination of the effects of Al3+ on P metabolism 4) ultrastructural information and elemental localization, 5) correlative information from field trees, 6) confirmation of the role of P. tinctorius in providing protection to the host against Al3+ toxicity, and 7) further development of 27Al NMR spectroscopic technology which can be extended to additional studies.