Neuronal circuits for perceptual inference
用于感知推理的神经元回路
基本信息
- 批准号:MR/X003701/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 184.1万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2023 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Neuroscience in the 21st century is undergoing a remarkable transformation. In the prior century, a common belief was that the brain senses the environment, cognitive processes work with the sensory information that they receive, and then the motor system acts. A new view has emerged that there may actually be very little true sensation and that the brain is constantly making predictions about the world and updating them as sensory information changes. However, when these predictions are inaccurate, weak or unreliable they create abnormal sensations and behaviour, as now implicated in many brain disorders. The basic neuronal circuit that underpins this process of 'perceptual inference' is thought to be the basis for complex behaviour and needs to be better neurobiologically understood in order for clinical teams to improve patient diagnosis and treatment.An analogy for the brain's neuronal circuit that creates predictions and powerfully influences our behaviour is a busy highway where vehicles moving in different directions and coordinating their movement would reflect the pathways of information flow between neurons in the brain. However, such neural interactions occur at scales that are not visible with the commonly available human brain imaging scanners. Recognising the need for more powerful brain scanners, UK funders, universities and charities have invested substantial amounts (~£150-200M in total) into powerful human scanners and research funding to use them. These scanners are distributed throughout the UK and because they have much higher resolution capabilities than their predecessors, they raise the possibility of being able to visualise some of the brain's information highways with the required sub-millimetre resolution. The UK investment in this domain aims to economically stimulate scientific research and innovation on questions of tremendous societal value and to support UK biosciences advances leading to better scanners, machines, technology and patient treatment.The problem, returning to the analogy of being able to visualise the highways of information flow in the brain, is that conflicting or surprising results are being obtained with the human scanners. It is currently not clear which aspects of the basic circuit could be visualised in humans. This requires foundational research in a primate model, because in order to truly visualise the flow of traffic in the brain (the brain's vehicles), neurons in the circuit need to be studied and manipulated. This perceptual inference circuit important for complex behaviour involves parts of prefrontal cortex that have evolutionarily differentiated in human and nonhuman primates, thereby requiring macaque monkeys. The primate research can also show which aspects of these circuits could be visualised with powerful brain scanners, such as those available for humans. We propose to advance the study of neuronal circuits for complex behaviour in a nonhuman primate model and to establish a more direct correspondence to humans by way of using a brain imaging technique that can immediately inform and guide neuroimaging studies with humans. Achieving this will support the delivery on current and future investment in cutting-edge brain imaging systems and technology available for human patients. As information grows on how to interpret what the human brain imaging signal shows, this may in the future also lead to further reduction on the reliance on nonhuman animal research. This proposal aims to provide an indispensable complement of animal research that would inform theoretical and computational models of the fundamental neuronal circuit, and it could provide crucial neurobiological information on how such circuit functions could be emulated with machines or potentially rehabilitated with non-invasive brain stimulation or brain-machine interfacing devices in patients.
21世纪的神经科学正在经历一场引人注目的变革。在上个世纪,一种普遍的看法是,大脑感知环境,认知过程与它们接收的感觉信息一起工作,然后运动系统起作用。出现了一种新的观点,即人类实际上可能几乎没有真正的感觉,而且大脑不断地对世界做出预测,并随着感觉信息的变化而更新。然而,当这些预测不准确、微弱或不可靠时,它们就会产生异常的感觉和行为,就像现在许多大脑疾病所涉及的那样。支撑这一“知觉推理”过程的基本神经回路被认为是复杂行为的基础,需要更好地了解神经生物学,以便临床团队改进患者的诊断和治疗。类似于大脑的神经元回路,它产生预测并有力地影响我们的行为,这是一条繁忙的高速公路,车辆在不同方向移动并协调它们的运动,将反映大脑神经元之间的信息流路径。然而,这种神经相互作用发生在通常可用的人脑成像扫描仪看不到的尺度上。意识到对更强大的脑扫描仪的需求,英国的资助者、大学和慈善机构已经在强大的人体扫描仪和使用它们的研究资金上投入了大量资金(总计约1.5亿至2亿英镑)。这些扫描仪分布在英国各地,因为它们的分辨率比它们的前身高得多,所以它们有可能以所需的亚毫米分辨率可视化一些大脑的信息高速公路。英国在这一领域的投资旨在经济上刺激在具有巨大社会价值的问题上的科学研究和创新,并支持英国生物科学的进步,从而带来更好的扫描仪、机器、技术和患者治疗。回到能够可视化大脑中信息流的高速公路的类比中,问题是人类扫描仪正在获得相互矛盾或令人惊讶的结果。目前还不清楚基本回路的哪些方面可以在人类身上可视化。这需要在灵长类动物模型中进行基础研究,因为为了真正可视化大脑(大脑的交通工具)中的交通流量,需要研究和操纵电路中的神经元。这种对复杂行为很重要的知觉推理回路涉及人类和非人类灵长类动物的前额叶皮质部分,这些部分在进化上已经分化,因此需要猕猴。灵长类动物的研究还可以显示出这些回路的哪些方面可以用强大的大脑扫描仪进行可视化,比如那些可用于人类的扫描仪。我们建议在非人类灵长类动物模型中推进复杂行为神经回路的研究,并通过使用脑成像技术建立与人类更直接的对应关系,这种技术可以立即为人类的神经成像研究提供信息和指导。实现这一目标将支持对人类患者可用的尖端脑成像系统和技术的当前和未来投资的交付。随着关于如何解释人类大脑成像信号所显示的信息的增长,这也可能在未来导致对非人类动物研究的依赖进一步减少。这项提议旨在为动物研究提供不可或缺的补充,为基本神经元电路的理论和计算模型提供信息,并可以提供关键的神经生物学信息,说明如何用机器模拟这些电路功能,或者如何在患者身上使用非侵入性脑刺激或脑机接口设备进行潜在的康复。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Evolutionary constraint genes implicated in autism spectrum disorder across 2,054 nonhuman primate genomes
- DOI:10.1101/2023.11.08.566198
- 发表时间:2023-11
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Yukiko Kikuchi;Mohammed Uddin;J. Veltman;Sara Wells;M. Woodbury-Smith
- 通讯作者:Yukiko Kikuchi;Mohammed Uddin;J. Veltman;Sara Wells;M. Woodbury-Smith
Immediate neural impact and incomplete compensation after semantic hub disconnection.
- DOI:10.1038/s41467-023-42088-7
- 发表时间:2023-10-07
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:16.6
- 作者:Kocsis, Zsuzsanna;Jenison, Rick L;Taylor, Peter N;Calmus, Ryan M;McMurray, Bob;Rhone, Ariane E;Sarrett, McCall E;Deifelt Streese, Carolina;Kikuchi, Yukiko;Gander, Phillip E;Berger, Joel I;Kovach, Christopher K;Choi, Inyong;Greenlee, Jeremy D;Kawasaki, Hiroto;Cope, Thomas E;Griffiths, Timothy D;Howard, Matthew A 3rd;Petkov, Christopher I
- 通讯作者:Petkov, Christopher I
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Christopher Petkov其他文献
Christopher Petkov的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Christopher Petkov', 18)}}的其他基金
The impact of attention on the neuronal mechanisms of adaptation in humans and animals
注意力对人类和动物适应神经元机制的影响
- 批准号:
BB/J009849/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 184.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Individually Customisable, Non-Invasive Head Immobilisation for Primates with the Option for Voluntary Engagement
灵长类动物可单独定制的非侵入性头部固定装置,可选择自愿参与
- 批准号:
NC/K000608/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 184.1万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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