The environment and eating disorders: developing novel measures and hypotheses through inter-disciplinary collaborations.

环境和饮食失调：通过跨学科合作制定新的措施和假设。

• 批准号: MR/X030725/1
• 负责人: Francesca Solmi
• 金额: $ 139.32万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FX030725%2F1
• 关键词: environment; eating; disorders; developing; novel

Eating disorders are severe mental health disorders that tend to start in childhood and adolescence. Around to 6% of women and 2% of men experience anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, or other specified feeding and eating disorders. Up to one in five young people have some of their symptoms. It is not clear how many people have avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), Pica, and rumination disorder, which have been more recently included as feeding and eating disorder diagnoses. Overall, we still know little about who has eating disorders in the population and what causes these conditions. Work package 1. Research on eating disorders is limited. Few large studies have collected eating disorders data. In some cases, this is because we do not have adequate measures. Our first goal is to improve availability of eating disorder data to facilitate future research. We will:1. include a short eating disorder questionnaire in the Age of Wonder Cohort, a large general population study of 30,000 adolescents. 2. Create a short questionnaire for ARFID, Pica, and rumination disorder.3. Link population studies to clinical data in order to better understand who is or is not diagnosed with an eating disorder and what are long-term health outcomes of people who are not diagnosed. Work package 2. More young people experience eating disorders now than 20 years ago. Societal changes that have happened during this period could have led to this increase. There is evidence that aspects of urban environments - such as lack of parks, higher pollution, deprivation, fast-food availability - are associated with worse mental and physical health in young people. This might be because of increased problems with sleep, fewer opportunities for socialisation and physical activity, and weight gain. Sleep disturbances, loneliness, and weight gain are also seen in people with eating disorders, but there is no robust evidence on whether they are a cause of eating disorders which, if addressed, could help prevent them. Similarly, social media are thought to have led to an increase in eating disorders in young people, but there is no strong evidence of this. Understanding if and which content and type of social media engagement might cause eating disorder symptoms could help identify adolescents at risk and put in place measures to reduce this risk. Our second goal is to develop new approaches to study these societal risk factors. We will create a network of young people and researchers with different backgrounds to develop research hypotheses and pilot new ways of collecting data that will help researchers study these questions in the future. We will: 4. Collect information on location, sleep, physical activity, stress, mood, appetite on 250 adolescents in the Age of Wonder cohort using smartwatches. 5. Explore different ways to collect social media data from these adolescents6. Understand how we can identify adolescents at risk of eating disorders using data from a large social media platform, TalkLife. Work package 3. Young people spend much of their day in schools, making them important environments to study in relation to eating disorders. We know that some schools have higher rates of eating disorders, so a better understanding of which aspects of school culture might cause eating disorders could help developing preventative interventions. Our third goal is to create a network of researchers with expertise in different aspects of young people's mental health and school environments to work alongside young people, parents, and teachers to: 7. Generate a list of potential school-level risk factors for eating disorders and identify measures and datasets that allow investigating these questions. This information will help future researchers testing hypotheses and conduct new research in this important area.

进食障碍是一种严重的精神健康障碍，往往始于儿童和青春期。大约6%的女性和2%的男性患有神经性厌食症、神经性暴食症、暴饮暴食障碍或其他特定的进食和饮食障碍。多达五分之一的年轻人出现了一些症状。目前尚不清楚有多少人患有回避性/限制性食物摄入障碍(ARFID)、PICA和反思症，这些疾病最近被诊断为进食和进食障碍。总体而言，我们仍然对人群中谁患有饮食障碍以及导致这些疾病的原因知之甚少。工作包1.关于饮食失调的研究有限。很少有大型研究收集进食障碍的数据。在某些情况下，这是因为我们没有足够的措施。我们的第一个目标是提高饮食紊乱数据的可用性，以促进未来的研究。我们将：1.在《神奇年代》中加入一份简短的饮食失调调查问卷，这是一项对30,000名青少年进行的大型一般人群研究。2.为ARFID、PICA和沉思障碍创建一份简短的问卷。将人群研究与临床数据联系起来，以便更好地了解谁被诊断为饮食失调，以及未被诊断的人的长期健康结果是什么。工作套餐2.与20年前相比，现在更多的年轻人经历了饮食失调。在此期间发生的社会变化可能导致了这一增长。有证据表明，城市环境的某些方面--如缺乏公园、污染更严重、贫困、快餐供应不足--与年轻人的心理和身体健康状况较差有关。这可能是因为睡眠问题增加，社交和体育活动的机会减少，以及体重增加。睡眠障碍、孤独和体重增加也出现在饮食失调的人身上，但没有强有力的证据表明它们是否是饮食失调的原因，如果解决了这些问题，就可以帮助预防它们。同样，社交媒体被认为导致了年轻人饮食失调的增加，但没有强有力的证据表明这一点。了解社交媒体参与的内容和类型是否以及哪些类型可能导致进食障碍症状，有助于识别有风险的青少年，并采取措施降低这种风险。我们的第二个目标是开发新的方法来研究这些社会风险因素。我们将创建一个由不同背景的年轻人和研究人员组成的网络，以开发研究假设并试验收集数据的新方法，以帮助研究人员在未来研究这些问题。我们将：4.使用智能手表收集250名奇迹时代青少年的位置、睡眠、体力活动、压力、情绪和食欲等信息。5.探索从这些青少年那里收集社交媒体数据的不同方式6。了解我们如何使用大型社交媒体平台TalkLife的数据来识别有饮食障碍风险的青少年。工作套餐3.年轻人一天中的大部分时间都在学校度过，这使他们成为学习与饮食失调有关的重要环境。我们知道，一些学校的饮食失调发生率较高，因此更好地了解学校文化的哪些方面可能会导致饮食失调，有助于制定预防性干预措施。我们的第三个目标是创建一个在年轻人心理健康和学校环境的不同方面拥有专业知识的研究人员网络，与年轻人、父母和教师一起工作：7.生成一份潜在的学校层面饮食失调风险因素的清单，并确定允许调查这些问题的措施和数据集。这些信息将有助于未来的研究人员验证假说，并在这一重要领域进行新的研究。