METAPHASE TO ANAPHASE TRANSITION IN MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

描述(改编自摘要)：虽然有几个进化的 在中期到后期的转变中，保守的参与者已经被确定， 关于后期促进复合体调控的关键问题仍然存在 (APC)，单个APC亚基的功能，以及APC 它的检查点调节器也在减数分裂中发挥作用。的长期目标是 这个项目将在分子细节上定义共享和共享的组合 驱动和/或调节中期到后期的独特的细胞过程 胚胎有丝分裂、卵母细胞减数分裂和精母细胞减数分裂过程中的过渡 线虫，线虫。线虫特别适合于这些 可以研究有丝分裂和减数分裂中的突变缺陷 同时在一只动物体内。这项建议的具体目标是： 1)为了完成emb-27的基本分子和基因特征，a 生殖细胞增殖所需的基因，卵母细胞和 精母细胞完成减数分裂，2)开始研究 中期到后期转换(MAT)所需的其他基因 对温度敏感型突变体和胚胎的分析 选择的APC基因的表达被RNA介导的干扰所干扰， 3)对emb-27和其他mat突变体的表型缺陷进行排序 到已知的中期到后期过渡的亚阶段。这些研究是 预计将揭示这一重要细胞中的新颖和保守的参与者 进程。保守的蛋白质将直接关系到我们对 染色体分离缺陷如何导致细胞死亡、出生缺陷 和/或肿瘤进展，而非保守蛋白可能识别新的 治疗线虫寄生虫感染的目标。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the abstract): Although several of the evolutionary conserved players in the metaphase to anaphase transition have been identified, key questions remain concerning the regulation of anaphase promoting complex (APC), the function of individual APC subunits, and the possibility that APC and its checkpoint regulators also function in meiosis. The long-term goal of this project is to define, in molecular detail, the combination of shared and unique cellular processes which drive and/or regulate the metaphase to anaphase transition during germline mitosis, oocyte meiosis, and spermatocyte meiosis in the nematode, C. elegans. C. elegans is particularly well suited for these studies since mutant defects in mitosis and meiosis can be studied simultaneously within a single animal. The specific aims of this proposal are: 1) to complete the basic molecular and genetic characterization of emb-27, a gene which is required both for germ cells to proliferate, and for oocytes and spermatocytes to complete their meiotic divisions, 2) to initiate studies of other genes required for the metaphase to anaphase transition (MAT) through the analysis of both temperature sensitive mutants as well as embryos in which the expression of selected APC genes been disrupted by RNA mediated interference, and 3) to order the phenotypic defects of emb-27 and other MAT mutants relative to known substages of the metaphase to anaphase transition. These studies are expected to reveal both novel and conserved players in this important cellular process. The conserved proteins will be directly relevant to our understanding of how defects in chromosome segregation lead to cell death, birth defects and/or tumor progression, whereas the non-conserved proteins may identify new targets for treatment of nematode parasitic infections.