STUDIES OF OCCUPATIONAL CANCER AMONG WOMEN AND MINORITIES

女性和少数族裔职业癌症的研究

• 批准号: 6161648
• 负责人: S H ZAHM
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6161648
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; agriculture worker; bladder neoplasm; breast neoplasms; cancer risk; caucasian American; chemical related neoplasm /cancer; clinical research; electromagnetic radiation; female; human data; human subject; industry; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; nonwater solvent; nose neoplasm; occupational hazard; organic chemicals; racial /ethnic difference; radiation related neoplasm /cancer; solar radiation; women's health

Traditionally, occupational research has focussed primarily on white men even though women comprise 46% of the US civilian workforce and minorities are often employed in jobs with hazardous exposures. During the past year, the Occupational Epidemiology Branch has undertaken a number of epidemiologic studies designed to evaluated the health risks associated with occupation among women and minority populations. Several studies on occupational factors and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among women were completed in the U.S. and in Sweden. These studies showed no association between the malignancy and occupational exposure to sunlight or occupational physical activity. Follow-up is being extended on cohorts of aircraft maintenance workers and dry cleaners, which include a large number of women and minorities. A new prospective cohort study of diet, hormones, and occupation among 75,000 women, aged 40-69, from Shanghai, China was launched as a collaborative effort with the University of Minnesota. Enrollment in the prospective cohort Agricultural Health Study continued and is expected to result in more than 91,000 subjects including approximately 30,000 women and 2,000 minorities. Both direct occupational exposure and indirect environmental exposure to pesticides will be evaluated in the study. Analyses of prevalent cases of breast cancer are underway. Other studies are also underway on cancer among nurses, other health care professionals, and hairdressers and on the relationships between occupational exposures, particularly pesticides, solvents, and dusts, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and cancers of the pancreas, brain, and stomach in projects which include women and minorities. Feasibility projects were also conducted for the study of cancer among migrant farmworkers, the majority of whom are Hispanic. Questionnaires involving an innovative life events-icon method of collecting occupational histories were developed and tested as well as projects to test the ability to trace farmworkers over extended periods of time, to study mortality patterns, to evaluate cancer diagnosis and treatment patterns, and to add epidemiologic variables to a national data base of information collected from farmworkers who are applying for social services. Currently, we are developing interview methods and assessing pesticide exposure via biological measures among farmworker children. The materials and methods developed in the feasibility projects will help NCI and others to launch full-scale studies of cancer among this population.

传统上，职业研究主要集中于白人 即使妇女占美国平民劳动力的46％和 少数群体通常被雇用在有危险暴露的工作中。 期间 在过去的一年中，职业流行病学分支已经进行了 旨在评估健康风险的流行病学研究数量 与妇女和少数民族人口的职业有关。 一些 关于女性职业因素和非霍奇金淋巴瘤的研究 在美国和瑞典完成。 这些研究表明没有 恶性肿瘤与职业暴露于阳光之间的关联 或职业体育锻炼。 随访正在扩大 飞机维护工人和干洗店的队列，其中包括 大量妇女和少数民族。 一项新的前瞻性队列研究 75,000名40-69岁妇女的饮食，荷尔蒙和职业 中国上海是作为与 明尼苏达大学。 潜在队列的入学人数 农业健康研究继续，预计将导致更多 超过91,000名受试者，包括大约30,000名妇女和2,000名 少数民族。 直接职业暴露和间接环境 在研究中将评估暴露于农药。 分析 乳腺癌的普遍病例正在进行中。 其他研究也是 护士，其他医疗保健专业人员和 美发师和职业暴露之间的关系， 特别是农药，溶剂和灰尘，以及非霍奇金的淋巴瘤， 多发性骨髓瘤和胰腺癌，大脑和胃中的癌症 包括妇女和少数民族的项目。 可行性项目是 还进行了用于研​​究移民农民的癌症的研究 大多数是西班牙裔。 涉及创新的问卷 生命事件 - 收集职业历史的方法是 开发和测试以及测试追踪能力的项目 长时间的农场工人，研究死亡模式， 评估癌症的诊断和治疗模式，并添加 流行病学变量已收集的国家数据库 来自正在申请社会服务的农场工人。 目前，我们是 开发访谈方法并通过 农场儿童的生物学措施。 材料和方法 在可行性项目中开发的将帮助NCI和其他人启动 该人群中癌症的全面研究。