The Role of Air Quality and Built Environment in Social Isolation and Cognitive Function among Rural, Racially/Ethnically Diverse Residents at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

空气质量和建筑环境对有阿尔茨海默病风险的农村、种族/民族多元化居民的社会隔离和认知功能的作用

• 批准号: 10740393
• 负责人: CHRISTINE L WILLIAMS
• 金额: $ 94.57万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-15 至 2028-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740393
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Address; Adult; Affect; African American; African American population; Agriculture; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer' s disease risk; American; Apple watch; Area; Back; Behavior; Black race; Buffers; Burn injury; Canes; Characteristics; Cognitive; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Sources; Dementia; Destinations; Diabetes Mellitus; Disadvantaged; Disease; Disparity; Distress; Ecological momentary assessment; Economics; Education; Educational Status; Elderly; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Exposure to; Face; Farm; Florida; Goals; Green space; Growth; Health; Health behavior; Healthcare; Hispanic; Hispanic Americans; Hispanic Populations; Housing; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Income; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Lead; Linear Models; Linguistics; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Particulate Matter; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical activity; Physical environment; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Public Health; Race; Reduce health disparities; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Rural; Rural Community; Rural Population; Saccharum; Sampling; Seasons; Sensory; Series; Smoke; Smoking; Social Environment; Social isolation; Socialization; Technology; Testing; Time; Trees; Walking; Woman; Work; aged; brain health; built environment; cognitive function; dementia risk; deprivation; design; economic disparity; ethnic diversity; ethnic minority; experience; farm worker; health determinants; health inequalities; hearing impairment; high risk; improved; innovation; medically underserved; meter; middle age; modifiable risk; multidisciplinary; neighborhood disadvantage; neuroinflammation; physical inactivity; prevent; programs; public health intervention; public health relevance; racial diversity; racial population; recruit; rural dwellers; rural setting; rural underserved; sensor; smart watch; social; social engagement; social health determinants; sociodemographics; symptom treatment; underserved community; urban setting

Both social isolation and cognitive decline are urgent threats to public health, as they predispose persons to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Air pollution and the built environment are community-based factors that have been shown to adversely affect cognitive function. Individual factors such as social isolation and economic disadvantage further contribute to cognitive risk. Rural settings have more limited opportunities for social engagement, when compared to urban settings. These conditions converge to form a perfect storm of social isolation and accelerated cognitive decline, yet prior studies have not focused on rural, disadvantaged, ethnic minority residents. Using a multi-method approach, we propose to demonstrate how a uniquely vulnerable rural Florida population (N = 1087) are at risk for social isolation and decline in cognitive function due to the unique characteristics of the physical and social environment. We will recruit community-dwelling, non-clinical, dementia-free, middle aged and older adults from 5 communities in the Lake Okeechobee area of Florida for a 5-year study incorporating time-series individual social and cognitive measures and community-level measures of the physical and built environment. Apple watches will be used by a subsample of 120 participants representative of 5 communities to continuously monitor sensory data, daily routine and predefined activities for 2 months. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) will be used to collect data daily over periods of agricultural burning and no burning. Using a combination of primary data collection, secondary data analysis, subsample continuous monitoring and EMA, we will examine the following aims over 36 months among rural, racially/ethnically, and linguistically diverse underserved community-dwelling adults aged 45 years and older: Aim 1: Examine the contribution of smoke-related PM2.5 exposures to SI and cognitive function, through multilevel growth modeling. Aim 2. Determine the effects of the built (e.g., retail destinations, park space) and social environment (e.g., crime SES) on social isolation and cognitive function through mixed linear modeling. Aim 3. Contextualize social isolation and cognitive function among residents from different racial/ethnic groups using EMA and sensor-derived behavior models with a subsample of 120 stratified by Lake O communities during burn and non-burn seasons.

社会孤立和认知能力下降都是对公众健康的紧迫威胁