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Hyperscale Modelling of Braided rivers: Linking Morphology, Sedimentology and Sediment Transport

辫状河的超尺度建模：将形态学、沉积学和沉积物输送联系起来

基本信息

批准号：
NE/G005427/1
负责人：
James Brasington
金额：
$ 44.42万
依托单位：
Aberystwyth University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG005427%2F1
关键词：
Hyperscale Modelling Braided rivers Linking

项目摘要

The morphology of rivers is both a cause and consequence of sediment transport occurring episodically during floods. Understanding this feedback has been the focus of river geomorphology for nearly a century and reflects the importance of these interrelated controls on flood conveyance, bank erosion, engineering structures, as well as river ecology and resource management. However, unlike the flood flows which drive this system, the conveyance of sediment through rivers is intermittent, highly unsteady and spatially variable, so that predicting the linked patterns and timescales of channel adjustment remains a continuing challenge for both scientists and river managers alike. These problems affect rivers of all styles and scales, but are most sensitively tuned and least understood in large braided rivers, common to the world's piedmont regions. Many such rivers are now heavily under pressure, mined for the rich water and sediment resources they yield from their mountain sources, but with increasingly uncertain implications for the health of their ecosystems and flood hazards. Despite this, the basic task of quantifying their sediment dynamics in order to predict changes in their morphology and vice versa, remains problematic and has hindered the development of a general theory linking channel form and sediment transport to flood characteristics. In this research we bring to together an international team of river scientists with skills in remote sensing, hydrometry and sedimentology to develop novel methods to link the patterns of river channel change in braided rivers to the flood flows that drive them. Working on a prototype braided system in New Zealand, the Rees River, this project has two principal aims: [1] to develop the first hyperscale models of a large, piedmont braided river which captures and quantifies the evolution of the system during an entire flood season; and [2] using this unique dataset, to link patterns of channel morphology, bed surface sedimentology and sediment transport, to the driving control of river discharge and the associated local hydraulic forces. We will do this by developing next-generation terrestrial laser scanning technology and low-altitude photography to generate digital models which represent the form and composition of rivers from the scale of the individual grains upwards. These data will allow us to answer key questions including: how do patterns of sediment transport vary with flood flows?; how does the distribution of riverbed facies and structures influence transport rates?; and what are the principal sources of uncertainty in estimated sediment transport rates? The answers to these questions will create a step-forward in the development of robust science-led strategies to better manage the resources of these unique intra-montane and piedmont river systems.

河流形态既是洪水期间间歇性发生的泥沙输运的原因，也是其结果。近世纪来，了解这种反馈一直是河流地貌学的焦点，反映了这些相互关联的控制洪水输送，河岸侵蚀，工程结构，以及河流生态和资源管理的重要性。然而，与驱动该系统的洪水不同，通过河流的泥沙输送是间歇性的，高度不稳定的和空间可变的，因此预测相关联的模式和时间尺度的通道调整仍然是科学家和河流管理者的持续挑战。这些问题影响到所有类型和规模的河流，但在世界皮埃蒙特地区常见的大型辫状河中最为敏感，也最不为人所知。许多这样的河流现在承受着巨大的压力，开采它们从山区水源中产生的丰富的水和沉积物资源，但对其生态系统的健康和洪水危害的影响越来越不确定。尽管如此，量化其沉积物动力学的基本任务，以预测其形态的变化，反之亦然，仍然存在问题，并阻碍了发展的一般理论联系渠道形式和泥沙输运洪水特性。在这项研究中，我们汇集了一个具有遥感，水文测量和沉积学技能的国际河流科学家团队，以开发新的方法，将辫状河的河道变化模式与驱动它们的洪水联系起来。该项目以新西兰的Rees河为原型，主要有两个目标：[1]开发大型皮埃蒙特辫状河的第一个超尺度模型，以捕捉和量化整个洪水季节系统的演变;和[2]使用这一独特的数据集，将河道形态、床面沉积学和沉积物输运模式联系起来，河流流量的驱动控制和相关的局部水力。为此，我们将开发下一代地面激光扫描技术和低空摄影技术，以生成数字模型，从单个颗粒的尺度向上展示河流的形式和组成。这些数据将使我们能够回答一些关键问题，包括：泥沙输运的模式如何随洪水流量而变化？河床相和结构的分布如何影响输送率？在估计的泥沙输移率中，不确定性的主要来源是什么？这些问题的答案将在制定强有力的科学主导战略方面向前迈出一步，以更好地管理这些独特的山间和皮埃蒙特河流系统的资源。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Geomorphological Mapping: Methods and Applications

DOI：
10.1016/c2009-0-19363-7
发表时间：
2011-12
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
J. Griffiths;Mike J. Smith;P. Paron
通讯作者：
J. Griffiths;Mike J. Smith;P. Paron

Modelling braided river morphodynamics using a particle travel length framework

DOI：
10.5194/esurf-7-247-2019
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
Earth Surface Dynamics
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
A. Kasprak;A. Kasprak;J. Brasington;Konrad C. Hafen;Konrad C. Hafen;R. Williams;J. Wheaton
通讯作者：
A. Kasprak;A. Kasprak;J. Brasington;Konrad C. Hafen;Konrad C. Hafen;R. Williams;J. Wheaton

From Grain to Floodplain: Hyperscale Models of Braided Rivers

从谷物到洪泛区：辫状河的超大规模模型