Impact of Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition on Oceanic Nitrous Oxide

人为氮沉降对海洋一氧化二氮的影响

• 批准号: NE/G006725/1
• 负责人: Parvadha Suntharalingam
• 金额: $ 25.94万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG006725%2F1
• 关键词: Impact; Anthropogenic; Nitrogen; Deposition; Oceanic

Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas and also plays a role in reducing ozone in the stratosphere. It is produced in the ocean through the action of bacteria which act on oceanic chemical species formed during the breakdown of organic matter. The burning of fossil fuels and the application of nitrogen based fertilisers releases reactive nitrogen species into the atmosphere. These reactive nitrogen species can be transported by air currents over the open ocean where they are deposited on the ocean surface. Here they provide a source of 'new' nitrogen nutrients for the oceanic micro-organisms which can then produce additional oceanic organic matter. The breakdown of this 'additional' organic matter acts to release an additional source of nitrous oxide from the ocean to the atmosphere, where it can affect the earth's radiation balance (through its role as a greenhouse gas), or travel to the stratosphere and increase ozone depletion. A recent study has attempted to quantify the potential increases in ocean fluxes of nitrous oxide caused by predicted increases of fossil fuel use and fertiliser application. The investigators lacked a realistic model of ocean biology which also represented the processes governing the formation of nitrous oxide, and so estimated the increased flux to the atmosphere with a simple linearised calculation. In this proposal we plan to build a realistic global model of the processes controlling oceanic nitrous oxide formation (and destruction); a model with the ability to represent the spatial and temporal variations of the interactions between nitrous oxide cycling processes, ocean biology and ocean circulation. This model will extend an existing ocean biology model (PlankTOM) at UEA. We will use the combined model to estimate the changes in nitrous oxide fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere for future scenarios of increased reactive nitrogen addition to the ocean. Although this proposal focuses on the consequences for nitrous oxide, the modelling tool we plan to build can be applied to a broad range of problems involving the interactions of ocean biology, other greenhouse gases such as CO2, and climate.

一氧化二氮是一种温室气体，也在减少平流层臭氧中发挥作用。它是在海洋中通过细菌的作用产生的，细菌作用于有机物质分解过程中形成的海洋化学物质。化石燃料的燃烧和氮基肥料的应用将活性氮物质释放到大气中。这些活性氮物质可以通过气流在开阔的海洋上运输，在那里它们沉积在海洋表面。在这里，它们为海洋微生物提供了“新的”氮营养物质的来源，然后可以产生额外的海洋有机物质。这种“额外的”有机物质的分解会从海洋释放额外的一氧化二氮到大气中，在那里它可以影响地球的辐射平衡（通过其作为温室气体的作用），或者进入平流层并增加臭氧消耗。最近的一项研究试图量化由于预计化石燃料使用和化肥施用的增加而造成的海洋一氧化二氮通量的潜在增加。研究人员缺乏一个现实的海洋生物学模型，该模型也代表了一氧化二氮形成的过程，因此通过简单的线性计算来估计增加的大气通量。在这项提案中，我们计划建立一个现实的全球模型的过程控制海洋一氧化二氮的形成（和破坏），一个模型的能力，以代表空间和时间变化的一氧化二氮循环过程，海洋生物和海洋环流之间的相互作用。该模型将扩展UEA现有的海洋生物模型（PlankTOM）。我们将使用组合模型来估计从海洋到大气中的一氧化二氮通量的变化，以应对未来海洋活性氮增加的情景。虽然这项提议的重点是一氧化二氮的后果，但我们计划建立的建模工具可以应用于涉及海洋生物、二氧化碳等其他温室气体和气候相互作用的广泛问题。

项目成果

Improved Understanding of the Earth System and Its Implications: Earth System Science 2010: Global Change, Climate and People: Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 10-13 May 2010

提高对地球系统及其影响的理解：地球系统科学 2010：全球变化、气候和人类：英国爱丁堡，2010 年 5 月 10 日至 13 日

• DOI: 10.1029/2010eo430010
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
• 作者: Cornell S

The Magnitude and Impacts of Anthropogenic Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition to the Ocean

人为大气氮沉降对海洋的影响

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: GESAMP Joint Group Of Experts On Scientific Aspects Of Marine Environmental Protection

Bacterial biomass distribution in the global ocean

全球海洋细菌生物量分布

• DOI: 10.5194/essdd-5-301-2012
• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Buitenhuis E

A reevaluation of the magnitude and impacts of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen inputs on the ocean

• DOI: 10.1002/2016gb005586
• 发表时间: 2017-02-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Jickells, T. D.;Buitenhuis, E.;Zamora, L. M.
• 通讯作者: Zamora, L. M.

Surface Ocean: Lower Atmosphere Processes

表层海洋：低层大气过程

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: Le Quere, Corinne;Saltzman, Eric S.
• 通讯作者: Saltzman, Eric S.