The ecophysiological basis for co-variability in light-limited and saturated rates of phytoplankton photosynthesis.

浮游植物光合作用的光限制和饱和速率的协变性的生态生理学基础。

• 批准号: NE/G009155/1
• 负责人: Christopher Moore
• 金额: $ 6.35万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG009155%2F1
• 关键词: ecophysiological; basis; co; variability; light

The phytoplankton are a diverse group of single celled organisms which live in the sunlit upper layer of the oceans. These organisms are responsible for the vast majority of the photosynthetic conversion of light energy to chemical energy in oceans. Phytoplankton thus form the basis of the marine food chain and are ultimately responsible for around half the biologically mediated global production of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere each year. Due to their key role in controlling the cycles of these major elements, it is important that we understand what controls phytoplankton photosynthesis and ultimately how susceptible these organisms might be to ongoing climate change. A necessary first step in understanding the global impact of phytoplankton is an accurate measure of the amount of carbon they take up. Phytoplankton carbon fixation can be reasonably well approximated as a function of the amount of light available for photosynthesis and the amount of the pigment, chlorophyll, which absorbs this light. Both of these variables can be accurately measured using a number of methods ranging from small scale ship based measurements to large scale year round repeated measurements using earth observing satellites. However, a simplistic treatment of phytoplankton carbon fixation simply as pigment multiplied by light ignores important variability in phytoplankton physiology. Indeed, the efficiency with which phytoplankton convert the light they absorb into carbon varies hugely in the oceans. Much of this variability is currently poorly explained, introducing large uncertainties into our best estimates of the amount of carbon fixed each year. The current study aims to address some of this uncertainty by studying a specific aspect of unexplained variability in phytoplankton photosynthesis in a range of environments. During research cruises we will make simultaneous measurements of the overall rate of phytoplankton light absorption (which is equivalent to the conversion of photons of light to electrons in their photosynthetic apparatus) and the rate of carbon fixation. At the same time we will measure a number of factors which we suspect are responsible for causing the unexplained variability in the ratio of light absorption and carbon fixation. By performing this work we will not only increase our understanding of the physiology of these important organisms, but will also make significant progress towards increasing the accuracy of our current best estimates of phytoplankton carbon fixation.

浮游植物是生活在阳光照射下的海洋上层的一组不同的单细胞生物。这些生物负责海洋中光能向化学能的绝大多数光合转化。因此，浮游植物构成了海洋食物链的基础，并最终负责每年约一半的生物介导的全球氧气生产和大气中二氧化碳的去除。由于它们在控制这些主要元素的循环中起着关键作用，我们必须了解是什么控制着浮游植物的光合作用，以及这些生物最终对持续的气候变化有多敏感。了解浮游植物对全球影响的第一步是准确测量它们吸收的碳量。浮游植物的固碳作用可以合理地近似为光合作用可用的光量和吸收这种光的色素叶绿素的量的函数。这两个变量都可以使用多种方法精确测量，从小规模的船舶测量到使用地球观测卫星的大规模全年重复测量。然而，将浮游植物固碳简单地视为色素乘以光的简单处理忽略了浮游植物生理学的重要变化。事实上，浮游植物将它们吸收的光转化为碳的效率在海洋中差异很大。目前，这种变化的大部分解释都很差，给我们对每年固定碳量的最佳估计带来了很大的不确定性。目前的研究旨在通过研究浮游植物光合作用在一系列环境中无法解释的变化的一个具体方面来解决这种不确定性。在研究航行期间，我们将同时测量浮游植物光吸收的总体速率（相当于在光合作用装置中将光子转化为电子）和碳固定的速率。与此同时，我们将测量一些我们怀疑是造成光吸收和碳固定比率无法解释的变化的因素。通过开展这项工作，我们不仅将增加我们对这些重要生物的生理学的理解，而且还将在提高我们目前对浮游植物固碳的最佳估计的准确性方面取得重大进展。

项目成果

Direct estimation of functional PSII reaction center concentration and PSII electron flux on a volume basis: a new approach to the analysis of Fast Repetition Rate fluorometry (FRRf) data

• DOI: 10.4319/lom.2012.10.142
• 发表时间: 2012-03-01
• 期刊: LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Oxborough, Kevin;Moore, C. Mark;Geider, Richard J.
• 通讯作者: Geider, Richard J.

Understanding the role of chlorophyll fluorescence in nutrient stress

了解叶绿素荧光在营养胁迫中的作用

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Ryan-Keogh Thomas J.

Photosynthetic protein stoichiometry and photophysiology in the high latitude North Atlantic

北大西洋高纬度地区的光合蛋白质化学计量学和光生理学

• DOI: 10.4319/lo.2014.59.6.1853
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Macey A

Effects of Temperature and Nutrient Supply on Resource Allocation, Photosynthetic Strategy, and Metabolic Rates of Synechococcus sp.

• DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12983
• 发表时间: 2020-03-26
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Fernandez-Gonzalez, Cristina;Perez-Lorenzo, Maria;Maranon, Emilio
• 通讯作者: Maranon, Emilio

Predicting the electron requirement for carbon fixation in seas and oceans.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058137
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Lawrenz E;Silsbe G;Capuzzo E;Ylöstalo P;Forster RM;Simis SG;Prášil O;Kromkamp JC;Hickman AE;Moore CM;Forget MH;Geider RJ;Suggett DJ
• 通讯作者: Suggett DJ