Source variability of WSOC in atmospheric precipitation

大气降水中 WSOC 的来源变异性

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/H010327/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2010 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

A wide range of organic (carbon containing) compounds produced both naturally by biological and chemical processes but also by mans activities (fires, vehicle and industrial emissions etc.) readily dissolve in water. Together these compounds are termed 'water soluble organic carbon', or WSOC for short. In some senses WSOC can be considered as a somewhat vague and all-encompassing term because it is a complex mixture of organic molecules which vary in their contributions to the total and are extremely difficult to isolate and analyse individually. Nevertheless, as a so-called 'bulk' component, WSOC is an important constituent of atmospheric water and is reactive. Its constituent molecules undergo sunlight-induced (photochemical) reactions that result in a range of reactive products which influence atmospheric chemical processes, influencing the climate on both local and global scales. WSOC can be an important source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) which are required for cloud formation, it contributes to rainwater acidity, and it can be a nutrient source to lakes, rivers and the ocean. Recent trends of increasing rainfall in the UK and worldwide mean that the need for detailed study of WSOC will become ever more important. In order to predict its impact on the environment, its various individual sources need to be better identified and characterised in terms of their composition and variabilty in time and space. Detailed chemical analysis of WSOC is costly, not readily accesible and in any case does not provide a high level of identification; rather only 'average compositions'. Recently a large fraction of WSOC was found to be fluorescent, which means that it emits electromagnetic radiation, especially visible light, if stimulated by the absorption of incident radiation from some source. The wavelength spectrum emitted can be analysed and used as a 'fingerprint' to characterise WSOC (and other forms of dissolved organic matter) of different 'types' (so-called 'flourophores') that enable a means to deduce information about different WSOC sources contributing to a sample and provide a measure of their relative importance (from their fluorescence intensities). The advantages of fluorescence are its relative simplicity and low cost. The idea of this work is to collect rainwater samples from specific rainfall 'events' and analyse these by fluorecence to identify the fluorophores present and their intensities. Using these measurements along with meteorological data from an adjacent meteorological mast and software that uses these data to predict areas from which air masses have originated, it will be possible to determine the regions in which the various source 'types' identified originated. This will be an important first step towards a better understanding of the origin and subsequent fate of WSOC in the environment. The results from this short-duration study will be used to help formulate a more detailed programme of WSOC research in the near future.
由生物和化学过程以及人类活动(火灾、车辆和工业排放等)自然产生的各种有机(含碳)化合物很容易溶于水。这些化合物统称为“水溶性有机碳”,简称WSOC。在某种意义上,WSOC可以被认为是一个有点模糊和无所不包的术语,因为它是有机分子的复杂混合物,它们对总量的贡献各不相同,并且极难单独分离和分析。然而,作为所谓的“散装”成分,WSOC是大气水的重要组成部分,并且是反应性的。它的组成分子经过阳光诱导的(光化学)反应,产生一系列影响大气化学过程的反应产物,影响当地和全球尺度的气候。WSOC是云形成所需的云凝结核(CCN)的重要来源,对雨水酸度有贡献,是湖泊、河流和海洋的营养源。最近英国和全世界降雨量增加的趋势意味着对WSOC详细研究的需求将变得越来越重要。为了预测其对环境的影响,需要更好地确定其各个来源,并根据其组成和在时间和空间上的可变性来确定其特征。WSOC的详细化学分析是昂贵的,不容易获得,在任何情况下都不能提供高水平的识别;而只是“一般的作文”。最近发现WSOC的很大一部分是荧光的,这意味着它发射电磁辐射,特别是可见光,如果吸收来自某些源的入射辐射的刺激。发射的波长光谱可以被分析并用作表征不同“类型”(所谓的“荧光团”)的WSOC(和其他形式的溶解有机物)的“指纹”,从而可以推断出对样品有贡献的不同WSOC来源的信息,并提供其相对重要性的衡量标准(从其荧光强度)。荧光技术的优点是相对简单,成本低。这项工作的想法是收集特定降雨“事件”的雨水样本,并通过荧光分析这些样本,以确定存在的荧光团及其强度。利用这些测量数据,再加上来自邻近气象桅杆的气象数据和利用这些数据预测气团起源区域的软件,就有可能确定已确定的各种来源“类型”的起源区域。这将是朝着更好地了解WSOC在环境中的起源和后续命运迈出的重要的第一步。这项短期研究的结果将用于在不久的将来制定更详细的WSOC研究计划。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Robert Upstill-Goddard其他文献

Robert Upstill-Goddard的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Robert Upstill-Goddard', 18)}}的其他基金

RAGNARoCC: Radiatively active gases from the North Atlantic Region and Climate Change
RAGNARoCC:北大西洋地区的辐射活性气体与气候变化
  • 批准号:
    NE/K00252X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Surfactant control of air-sea gas exchange in coastal waters
表面活性剂对近海海气气体交换的控制
  • 批准号:
    NE/I015299/1
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

相似国自然基金

Accretion variability and its consequences: from protostars to planet-forming disks
  • 批准号:
    12173003
  • 批准年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    60 万元
  • 项目类别:
    面上项目

相似海外基金

Greenland-wide Assessment of Proglacial Melange Variability and Implications for Glacier Retreat
格陵兰范围前冰川混杂物变异性及其对冰川退缩的影响的评估
  • 批准号:
    2336627
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Understanding the Influence of Turbulent Processes on the Spatiotemporal Variability of Downslope Winds in Coastal Environments
合作研究:了解湍流过程对沿海环境下坡风时空变化的影响
  • 批准号:
    2331729
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
NSF PRFB FY 2023: Considering evolutionary responses to temperature variability when predicting risk to climate change and disease in amphibians
NSF PRFB 2023 财年:在预测气候变化和两栖动物疾病风险时考虑对温度变化的进化反应
  • 批准号:
    2305659
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship Award
Collaborative Research: NCS-FR: Individual variability in auditory learning characterized using multi-scale and multi-modal physiology and neuromodulation
合作研究:NCS-FR:利用多尺度、多模式生理学和神经调节表征听觉学习的个体差异
  • 批准号:
    2409652
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: Climate Variability in Hawaii through Scientific and Indigenous Approaches
职业:通过科学和本土方法研究夏威夷的气候变化
  • 批准号:
    2338998
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Predicting effects of interannual variability in climate and drought on plant community outcomes, resilience, and soil carbon using temporally replicated grassland reconstructions
使用临时复制的草地重建来预测气候和干旱的年际变化对植物群落结果、恢复力和土壤碳的影响
  • 批准号:
    2343738
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Advancing understanding of interannual variability and extreme events in the thermal structure of large lakes under historical and future climate scenarios
增进对历史和未来气候情景下大型湖泊热结构的年际变化和极端事件的了解
  • 批准号:
    2319044
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Geographic and Sociodemographic Variability in Air Pollution Exposure
空气污染暴露的地理和社会人口变化
  • 批准号:
    2342266
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Assessment of Ionic Tracer Reaction Rate Variability for Geothermal Energy Output Prediction
地热能输出预测的离子示踪剂反应速率变异性评估
  • 批准号:
    24K17640
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
Species interactions and ecological function under biodiversity loss and climate variability
生物多样性丧失和气候变化下的物种相互作用和生态功能
  • 批准号:
    2330772
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了