Sea level and climate change from geochemical analysis of corals from the Great Barrier Reef: IODP Expedition 325

对大堡礁珊瑚进行地球化学分析得出的海平面和气候变化：IODP 第 325 次探险

• 批准号: NE/H014268/1
• 负责人: Alexander Tudhope
• 金额: $ 5.04万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH014268%2F1
• 关键词: Sea; level; climate; change; geochemical

One of the largest uncertainties in projections of environmental change involves the response of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to 'greenhouse warming'. These ice sheets play an important role in defining climate through affecting wind patterns, through reflecting sunlight back to space and through providing sources of fresh water the can influence ocean circulation. As the planet warms, we expect these ice sheets to respond, but we are not sure in exactly what ways. The Greenland ice sheet is likely to start melting, and indeed there is already evidence to suggest that this might be happening. The Antarctic ice sheet may initially grow slightly (since it is so cold that a slight warming simply makes it easier to snow there). However, evidence from the past combined with modern observations suggests that these ice sheets are capable of extremely rapid decay through catastrophic collapse of large segments, resulting in large and rapid sea level rises. The work proposed here is focussed on the Great Barrier Reef of Australia, which, although far from the ice sheets, is well placed to reveal evidence for past ice sheet growth and collapse. We will use analysis of the chemistry of corals collected in drill cores down through the reef to reconstruct changes in water depth, and hence sea level, in the interval 11,000- 20,000 years ago. This interval coincides with the decay of the ice sheets from their maximum extent during the last ice age, to their present size. At the peak of the last ice age, global sea level was about 120m below its present level, due to the amount of water bound up as ice, so as the ice sheets melted, sea level rose. Our coral records will be used with other evidence from the types of corals and algae in the cores, to identify the rate, timing and magnitude of these sea level changes, as well as to reconstruct changes in local temperature. These data will contribute to our understanding of the triggers of ice sheet collapse and sea level rise.

环境变化预测中最大的不确定性之一涉及格陵兰和南极冰盖对“温室效应”的反应。这些冰盖通过影响风的模式，通过将阳光反射回太空，并通过提供可以影响海洋环流的淡水来源，在定义气候方面发挥着重要作用。随着地球变暖，我们预计这些冰盖会做出反应，但我们不确定具体是什么方式。格陵兰冰盖可能开始融化，事实上已经有证据表明这可能正在发生。南极冰盖最初可能会略有增长（因为它是如此寒冷，轻微的变暖只会使那里更容易下雪）。然而，过去的证据与现代观测相结合表明，这些冰盖能够通过大部分的灾难性崩溃而极其迅速地衰减，导致海平面大幅快速上升。这里提出的工作集中在澳大利亚的大堡礁，虽然远离冰盖，但很好地揭示了过去冰盖生长和崩溃的证据。我们将通过对珊瑚礁钻孔岩心中收集的珊瑚化学成分进行分析，以重建11，000 - 20，000年前水深的变化，从而重建海平面。这段时间与冰盖从最后一个冰河时代的最大范围到现在的大小的衰减相吻合。在最后一个冰河时代的高峰期，全球海平面比现在的海平面低120米左右，这是由于大量的水被束缚成冰，所以随着冰盖融化，海平面上升。我们的珊瑚记录将与来自核心中珊瑚和藻类类型的其他证据一起使用，以确定这些海平面变化的速度，时间和幅度，以及重建当地温度的变化。这些数据将有助于我们了解冰盖崩溃和海平面上升的触发因素。

项目成果

Intensification of the meridional temperature gradient in the Great Barrier Reef following the Last Glacial Maximum.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5102
• 发表时间: 2014-06-17
• 期刊: Nature communications
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Felis T;McGregor HV;Linsley BK;Tudhope AW;Gagan MK;Suzuki A;Inoue M;Thomas AL;Esat TM;Thompson WG;Tiwari M;Potts DC;Mudelsee M;Yokoyama Y;Webster JM
• 通讯作者: Webster JM

Coral Record of Younger Dryas Chronozone Warmth on the Great Barrier Reef

• DOI: 10.1029/2020pa003962
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Logan D. Brenner;B. Linsley;J. Webster;D. Potts;T. Felis;M. Gagan;M. Inoue;H. McGregor;A. Suzuki;A. Tudhope;T. Esat;Alex L. Thomas;W. Thompson;S. Fallon;M. Humblet;M. Tiwari;Y. Yokoyama

Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements

• DOI: 10.1002/ggge.20230
• 发表时间: 2013-09-01
• 期刊: GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hathorne, Ed C.;Gagnon, Alex;You, Chen-Feng
• 通讯作者: You, Chen-Feng