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Raman Lidar for Boundary-layer temperature profiling

用于边界层温度分析的拉曼激光雷达

基本信息

批准号：
NE/I001220/1
负责人：
Hugo Ricketts
金额：
$ 7.14万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI001220%2F1
关键词：
Raman Lidar Boundary layer temperature

项目摘要

The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the layer of air which is directly affected by the Earth's surface and generally is between 100 metres to 3 kilometres high. It is therefore very important to understand how it develops as it will contain and chemically process all pollutants emitted in to it. Certain processes are known to occur whereby air masses can be lifted above the ABL and transported to remote locations. Here they can be mixed back in to the ABL and affect the pollutant concentration a long way downstream (in some cases several hundred miles). One type of ABL is known as the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) which as its name suggests takes place during the night. In the NBL, temperature profiles are important as they determine the stability. It is this stability that affects the way the NBL develops which could include fog formation, mixing in of previously polluted air. The research suggested in this proposal will help understand the processes involved in the formation of these events which may ultimately lead to more accurate weather or pollution forecasts. To observe these temperature profiles it is possible to use weather balloons, but to routinely observe the temperature of the boundary layer this would be prohibitively expensive. A different technology can therefore be used to measure the temperature of the atmosphere with a high enough time resolution to observe mixing processes. This remote sensing technique is known as LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) and it can be used to remotely measure properties of the atmosphere by probing it with light. Lidar can be used to measure trace gases like ozone, sulphur-dioxide and water vapour as well as physical properties of the atmosphere like wind, humidity and temperature. A lidar system is therefore proposed that will be able to measure the evolution of boundary layer temperature profiles during the development of the nocturnal boundary layer. The project will involve testing the technology to measure temperature profiles using a pre-existing lidar system which will be modified. This will result in the design of a compact and low power consumption lidar that can be used in field experiments to measure the NBL. The lidar system will use a new diode pumped solid state laser which will ultimately allow a higher time resolution of temperature profiles compared to traditional power hungry pulsed laser.

大气边界层（ABL）是直接受地球表面影响的空气层，通常高度在100米至3公里之间。因此，了解大气层是如何发展的是非常重要的，因为大气层将容纳并化学处理排放到大气层中的所有污染物。在这里，它们可以混合回到ABL中，并影响下游很长一段距离（在某些情况下数百英里）的污染物浓度。一种类型的ABL被称为夜间边界层（NBL），顾名思义，它发生在夜间。在NBL中，温度分布很重要，因为它们决定了稳定性。正是这种稳定性影响了NBL的发展方式，其中可能包括雾的形成，以前污染的空气的混合。这项建议所建议的研究，将有助了解这些事件形成的过程，最终可能导致更准确的天气或污染预报。为了观察这些温度分布，可以使用气象气球，但是为了常规地观察边界层的温度，这将是非常昂贵的。因此，可以使用一种不同的技术来测量大气温度，其时间分辨率足够高，以观察混合过程。这种遥感技术被称为激光雷达（光探测和测距），它可以用来远程测量大气的性质，通过探测它与光。激光雷达可用于测量臭氧、二氧化硫和水蒸气等痕量气体，以及风、湿度和温度等大气物理特性。因此，激光雷达系统提出，将能够测量的发展过程中的夜间边界层的边界层温度廓线的演变。该项目将涉及测试技术，使用将被修改的现有激光雷达系统测量温度分布。这将导致一个紧凑的和低功耗的激光雷达，可用于现场实验测量NBL的设计。激光雷达系统将使用一种新的二极管泵浦固态激光器，与传统的高功耗脉冲激光器相比，它最终将允许更高的温度分布时间分辨率。