TOOLS FOR PUBLIC CONVERSATION ABOUT BEHAVIORAL GENETICS

有关行为遗传学的公共对话工具

• 批准号: 6181655
• 负责人: ERIK F PARENS
• 金额: $ 30.93万
• 依托单位: HASTINGS CENTER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2002-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6181655
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; bipolar depression; concept; data collection; ethics; genetic screening; health care policy; health education; health related legal; health science research; human population genetics; human population study; impulsive behavior; information dissemination; intelligence; public opinion; social psychology

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Progress in behavioral genetics has created considerable public anxiety. Some of that anxiety is rooted in ignorance. Some of it reflects knowledge of past abuses of putatively scientific accounts of complex human behaviors. And behavioral genetics also sometimes challenges deep assumptions regarding the nature of human beings. The first premise of this collaborative project between The Hastings Center and the American Association for the Advancement of Science is that behavioral genetics promises to shed light not only on the genetic component of diseases, but also on the genetic component of complex behaviors--and thus ultimately on what it means to be human. The project's second premise is that behavioral genetics can be put to hurtful purposes; witness the Bell Curve. The third premise is that for our society to promote the salutary uses and resist the pernicious uses of behavioral genetics, there must be open and informed public conversation about what the scientific findings do--and do not--tell us about behavior and about what and who we are. This project's primary objective is to provide tools and resources for such public discussion about behavioral genetics and about the significant ethical and social issues raised by it. Tools in this context means concepts and distinctions that facilitate clear, careful, and meaningful conversation among professional and lay groups. Meeting the project's primary objective entails four components: First, the Working Group, including behavioral geneticists, bioethicists, and others, will identify and describe the basic scientific ideas and methods of behavioral genetics research. Second, the Working Group will examine the extent to which behavioral genetics casts new light on enduring ethical and social questions and problems. Two large, interrelated categories capture the relevant issues: (a) identity and responsibility and (b) equality and justice. Third, to focus its inquiries concerning the basic scientific, ethical, and social issues, and to refine the conceptual tools and develop written and other resources, the Working Group will examine three cases: bipolar disorder, impulsivity, and intelligence. Finally, in addition to five interdisciplinary meetings of the Working Group at The Hastings Center, midway through the project there will be a public conference on the West Coast and a culminating public conference on the East Coast. The purposes of those conferences are both to introduce the tools and to hone them. To disseminate the tools, the project will develop a series of resources for lay and professional audiences, including a primer of behavioral genetics for the general public (which will appear both in hard copy and on the Web site they create), a special supplement of the Hastings Center Report distributed to diverse professional audiences, and a volume of essays for scholars.

描述（改编自研究者摘要）： 遗传学引起了公众的极大焦虑有些焦虑是 根植于无知其中一些反映了过去滥用权力的知识 复杂人类行为的科学解释行为遗传学也 有时挑战关于人类本性的深层假设。 黑斯廷斯中心和 美国科学促进会认为， 遗传学不仅有望揭示疾病的遗传成分， 也依赖于复杂行为的遗传成分， 作为人类的意义该项目的第二个前提是， 遗传学可能会被用于有害的目的;钟形曲线就是见证。第三 前提是，我们的社会要提倡有益的用途，抵制 行为遗传学的有害用途，必须有公开和知情的公众 关于科学发现告诉我们什么， 行为以及我们是什么和我们是谁。该项目的主要目标是 提供工具和资源，供公众讨论行为 遗传学及其引发的重大伦理和社会问题。 在这方面，工具指的是有助于明确， 在专业和非专业团体之间进行认真和有意义的对话。 实现该项目的主要目标需要四个组成部分： 工作组，包括行为遗传学家，生物伦理学家，和其他人，将 识别和描述行为的基本科学思想和方法 遗传学研究第二，工作组将审查 行为遗传学为持久的伦理和社会问题提供了新的视角 和问题相关问题可分为两大类： (a)身份和责任;（B）平等和正义。第三，聚焦 关于基本科学、伦理和社会问题的调查， 为了完善概念工具并开发书面和其他资源， 工作组将审查三个案件：双相情感障碍，冲动， 智能 最后，除了工作组在2005年举行的五次跨学科会议外， 黑斯廷斯中心，在项目进行到一半的时候， 在西海岸举行了一次会议，在东海岸举行了一次公众会议， 海岸这些会议的目的是介绍这些工具， 磨练他们为了传播这些工具，该项目将制定一系列 为外行和专业观众提供的资源，包括行为学入门 遗传学的一般公众（这将出现在两个硬拷贝和 他们创建的网站），黑斯廷斯中心报告的特别补充 分发给不同的专业观众，和一卷论文， 学者