Pharmacologically Treating Behavioral Disturbances in Children: Engaging the Cont

描述（由申请人提供）：越来越多的儿童接受精神药物治疗，引起了关于药物安全性和有效性以及药物治疗儿童情绪和行为障碍的价值和意义的各种争议。不幸的是，这些辩论通常是孤立发生的，即使它们是密切相关的，人们经常谈论对方。这一拟议的5个系列研讨会旨在通过汇集一批高度杰出和高度多样化的从业者和学者，对整个争议范围进行综合分析和描述，他们将有机会随着时间的推移进行仔细和尊重的讨论。研讨会不会寻求共识，但将导致各种结果，其中PI，Co-PI和研讨会成员将：（1）用简单的英语描述有关争议中起作用的事实和价值观的辩论状态;（2）确定进一步的经验和概念工作可以帮助推进这些辩论的领域。这些成果将面向广泛的利益攸关方，包括从业人员、学者、记者和决策者。研讨会#1将从“宏观”争议开始，例如，价值观在定义精神疾病中的作用，先天和后天在儿童行为和情绪障碍病因学中的相对作用，作为治疗不足的潜在原因的耻辱问题，以及作为过度治疗的可能原因的诊断标签的愿望。这些宏观争议将在中间3个研讨会中重新考虑，这些研讨会将考虑有关安全性，有效性和商定的最佳实践实施的“微观”问题。为了保持讨论的基础，每个研讨会将集中在一个特定的条件：多动症（研讨会#2），儿童抑郁症（研讨会#3）和双相情感障碍（研讨会#4）。最后一次研讨会（#5）将确定需要进一步研究的新问题，并总结研究结果，这些结果将在纽约科学院的一次公开研讨会上提出，并以几篇文章、一份研讨会报告和一本书的形式发表。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The growing number of children treated with psychotropic medications has given rise to an assortment of controversies about the medications' safety and efficacy and about the value and meaning of pharmacological treatment of childhood emotional and behavioral disturbances. Unfortunately, these debates usually occur in isolation, even though they are intimately connected, and people often talk past each other. This proposed series of 5 workshops seeks to produce an integrated analysis and description of the whole range of controversies by bringing together a highly distinguished and highly diverse group of practitioners and scholars, who will have the opportunity to talk carefully and respectfully over time. The workshops will not seek consensus, but will lead to a variety of outcomes, in which the PI, Co-PI, and Workshop Members will: (1) describe in plain English the state of the debates about the facts and values at play in the controversies; and (2) identify areas where further empirical and conceptual work can help to advance those debates. These outcomes will be targeted to a broad range of stakeholders, including practitioners, scholars, journalists, and policy makers. Workshop #1 will begin with "macro" controversies about, for example, the role of values in defining psychiatric disorders, the relative roles of nature and nurture in the etiology of childhood behavioral and emotional disturbances, the problem of stigma as a potential cause for under-treatment, and the desire for diagnostic labels as a possible cause for over-treatment. These macro controversies will be reconsidered in the middle 3 workshops, which will consider the "micro" issues regarding the safety, efficacy, and implementation of agreed-upon best practices. To keep discussion grounded, each of those workshops will focus on a particular condition: ADHD (workshop #2), childhood depression (workshop #3), and bipolar disorder (workshop #4). The final workshop (#5) will identify emerging issues for further study and summarize the findings, which will be presented at a public symposium at the New York Academy of Sciences and published in several articles, a workshop report, and a book.