REGULATION OF SEROTONERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)： 5-羟色胺是一种神经递质和神经调节剂，用于控制 脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的攻击性、运动性和肠道运动。在 在过去的几年里，5-羟色胺被发现是“借来的”而不是 由脊椎动物的一些中枢和外周神经元合成。近期 结果表明，一组由60个神经元组成的神经支配着大鼠的后肠 小龙虾利用5-羟色胺作为神经递质。而不是合成 5-羟色胺，然而，这些后肠神经元(HGNs)似乎“借用”了5-羟色胺 通过从外部来源获取它。这些摄取机制似乎是 在外部感觉和本体感觉输入的控制下。这个 这项研究的总体目标是调查其背后的机制 这种“借来的发送器”现象用克雷利语，并确定它是如何 有助于控制小龙虾的5-羟色胺能调节。 具体地说，拟议的研究将定量地确定 5-羟色胺优先由HGNs借用或合成。其作用机制 管理借款，包括控制血清素供应的那些 由外部来源在HGNs附近提供的，以及 控制5-羟色胺的摄取和释放，将被调查。它的用途 将确定hgns向哪种5-羟色胺投放，以及其影响。 其他邻近和研究充分的5-羟色胺能系统摄取5-羟色胺的情况， 包括调节姿势和逃逸的那些。

DESCRIPTION(Adapted from applicant's abstract): Serotonin is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator used in the control of aggression, movement, and gut motility in vertebrates and invertebrates. In the past few years, serotonin has been found to be "borrowed" rather than synthesized by some central and peripheral neurons in vertebrates. Recent results indicate that a set of 60 neurons that innervate the hindgut of crayfish employ serotonin as a neurotransmitter. Instead of synthesizing serotonin, however, these hindgut neurons (HGNs) appear to "borrow" serotonin by taking it up from external sources. These uptake mechanisms appear to be under the control of exteroceptive and proprioceptive sensory input. The overall goal of this research is to investigate the mechanisms that underlie this "borrowed transmitter" phenomenon in craylish, and to determine how it contributes to the control of serotonergic modulation in the crayfish. Specifically, the proposed research will determine quantitatively whether serotonin is preferentially borrowed or synthesized by the HGNs. The mechanisms that govern borrowing, including those that controi the supply of serotonin made available in the vicinity of the HGNs by external sources, and those that control serotonin uptake and release by the HGNs, will be investigated. The use to which serotonin is put by the HGNs will be determined, as will the effects of serotonin uptake on other adjacent and well-studied serotonergic systems, including those that modulate posture and escape.