REGULATION OF SEROTONERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）： 血清素是一种神经递质和神经调节剂，用于控制 脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的攻击性、运动和肠道蠕动。在 过去几年，血清素被发现是“借来的”而不是 由脊椎动物的一些中枢和外周神经元合成。最近 结果表明，一组 60 个神经元支配后肠 小龙虾利用血清素作为神经递质。而不是合成 然而，这些后肠神经元（HGN）似乎“借用”了血清素 通过从外部来源获取它。这些吸收机制似乎是 在外感受和本体感觉输入的控制下。的 这项研究的总体目标是调查其背后的机制 Craylish 中的这种“借用发射机”现象，并确定它是如何发生的 有助于控制小龙虾的血清素调节。 具体来说，拟议的研究将定量确定是否 血清素优先由 HGN 借用或合成。机制 管理借贷的机构，包括控制血清素供应的机构 通过外部来源在 HGN 附近提供的信息，以及那些 将研究 HGN 控制血清素的吸收和释放。用途 HGN 所施加的血清素将被确定，效果也将被确定 其他邻近且经过充分研究的血清素能系统对血清素的吸收， 包括那些调节姿势和逃避的。

DESCRIPTION(Adapted from applicant's abstract): Serotonin is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator used in the control of aggression, movement, and gut motility in vertebrates and invertebrates. In the past few years, serotonin has been found to be "borrowed" rather than synthesized by some central and peripheral neurons in vertebrates. Recent results indicate that a set of 60 neurons that innervate the hindgut of crayfish employ serotonin as a neurotransmitter. Instead of synthesizing serotonin, however, these hindgut neurons (HGNs) appear to "borrow" serotonin by taking it up from external sources. These uptake mechanisms appear to be under the control of exteroceptive and proprioceptive sensory input. The overall goal of this research is to investigate the mechanisms that underlie this "borrowed transmitter" phenomenon in craylish, and to determine how it contributes to the control of serotonergic modulation in the crayfish. Specifically, the proposed research will determine quantitatively whether serotonin is preferentially borrowed or synthesized by the HGNs. The mechanisms that govern borrowing, including those that controi the supply of serotonin made available in the vicinity of the HGNs by external sources, and those that control serotonin uptake and release by the HGNs, will be investigated. The use to which serotonin is put by the HGNs will be determined, as will the effects of serotonin uptake on other adjacent and well-studied serotonergic systems, including those that modulate posture and escape.