TEACHING RESOURCEFULNESS TO CHRONICALLY ILL OLDER ELDERS

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：逐渐老化 增加了对慢性疾病的脆弱性，大约80%的人 老年人至少有一种慢性病。老年人， 健康和功能受到慢性疾病的损害， 焦虑、抑郁和身体健康进一步下降的风险 功能因此，越来越需要促进其 足智多谋，以实现最佳的身体和心理健康。 足智多谋既包括利用内部资源， 独立完成日常任务（学会随机应变），并使用 外部资源，在无法运作时寻求他人的帮助 求助行为（Help seeking behavior）研究表明， 在这两方面都足智多谋， 心理健康比那些谁使用内部或外部 资源单独。此外，当被教导足智多谋，社区- 有较多长期病征状的长者， 在身体和心理健康方面的最大改善。因此，我们认为， 教导学习到的机智和求助行为， 辅助生活设施的慢性病老年居民， 改善或维持他们的身体和 心理健康一项临床试验将测试两种药物的效果 对200名随机选择的老年人进行辅助生活干预 设施：学习机智训练（LRT）和寻求帮助 行为训练（HSBT）。这项研究还将检查添加剂 两者结合的效果（LRT + HSBT）。由于所有三个干预措施 使用回忆，仅回忆组（REM）将分离效果 由于回忆和确定内容的特异性， 干预，将使用转移活动组（DIV）。 受试者将被随机分配到五个治疗组之一（LRT， HSBT，LRT + HSBT，REM或DIV），并将参加一个预- 三次干预和三次干预后面对面访谈。 一 先验计划比较将用于比较：1）LRT、HSBT和 LRT + HSBT至DIV; 2）LRT、HSBT和LRT + HSBT至REM; 3）（LRT + HSBT） 至LRT（组合）至LRT和HSBT单独;和4）LRT至HSBT。的 将重复比较，同时控制人口统计学和 慢性和偶发性疾病，以确定是否仍然有效。 将检查治疗即刻和6周的效果 延迟，和3个月的延长效应。这项研究是独一无二的， 随着时间的推移，两种干预措施，LRT 和HSBT，对功能障碍者的身心健康 长老

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Aging gradually increases vulnerability to chronic illness, and approximately 80% of the aged population have at least one chronic condition. Older adults whose health and functioning are compromised by chronic illness are at great risk for anxiety, depression, and further declines in physical functioning. Thus, there is a growing need to promote their resourcefulness in achieving optimal physical and psychological health. Resourcefulness involves both the ability to use internal resources to perform daily tasks independently (learned resourcefulness) and to use external resources by seeking help from others when unable to function independently (help-seeking behavior). Research shows that elders who are resourceful in both of these ways have better physical and psychological health than those who use either internal or external resources alone. In addition, when taught resourcefulness, community- dwelling elders with greater numbers of chronic illness symptoms showed the most improvement in physical and psychological health. Hence, teaching learned resourcefulness and help-seeking behavior to chronically ill elderly residents of assisted living facilities has great potential for improving or sustaining their physical and psychological health. A clinical trial will test the effects of two interventions to 200 randomly selected elders in assisted living facilities: learned resourcefulness training (LRT) and help-seeking behavior training (HSBT). The study will also examine the additive effects of combining the two (LRT + HSBT). Since all three interventions use reminiscence, a reminiscence-only group (REM) will separate effects due to reminiscence and to determine content specificity of the interventions, a diversional activity group (DIV) will be used. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups (LRT, HSBT, LRT + HSBT, REM or DIV) and will participate in one pre- intervention and three post-intervention face-to-face interviews. A priori planned comparisons will be used to compare: 1) LRT, HSBT, and LRT + HSBT to DIV; 2) LRT, HSBT, and LRT + HSBT to REM; 3) (LRT + HSBT) to LRT (combined) to LRT and HSBT alone; and 4) LRT to HSBT. The comparisons will be repeated while controlling for demographics and chronic and episodic conditions to determine if the effects still hold. The effects of the treatments will be examined for immediate and 6 week lagged, and 3 month extended effects. This study is unique in comparing the separate and additive effects over time of two interventions, LRT and HSBT, on physical and psychological health in functionally impaired elders.