CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES IN BLACK FEMALE CAREGIVERS

有色人种老年人的比例正在以两倍的速度增加 占主导地位的美国白人人口的比率。随着人们年龄的增长， 他们最终会变得更加依赖他人的照顾。对一些人来说 女性的照顾者角色是自己选择的，对于其他人，默认情况下是这样。 然而，对给予照顾的反应的研究集中在 主要是自我报告的心理和身体健康反应 在大多数方便的白人女性样本中。此外，大多数 这项研究是横断面的，没有一组对照 无照顾者。针对生理反应的研究有限。 (即心血管反应)随着时间的推移。然而，一个主要的担忧是 护理者及其支持系统是心血管系统的 对关怀的回应，无论是在日常基础上还是在未来。为 例如，随着时间的推移，血压的可重复升高会增加 有患终末性器官疾病(如肾脏疾病)的风险。其他问题 是其他相互竞争的需求(例如，日常麻烦，邻里犯罪， 合并症)在照顾者的生活中，以及可用于 给他们讲讲。一种在护理中接受有限检查的资源 给予者研究是习得的足智多谋。因此，这一行动的总体目标是 研究是识别和心血管反应，以及相关干预 黑人女性关爱给予的因素(例如，习得的足智多谋) 照顾者与非照顾者在工作、睡眠和下班时间的比较 情况和三年多。描述的概念模型 黑人女性相互竞争的需求和资源的过程 照顾者与非照顾者相比可能会影响心血管反应 提出并将使用回归和方程建模进行测试 技巧。重点研究24小时动态血压和 随机选择的黑人女性照顾者样本中的脉搏是 严重缺乏。护士研究人员努力找出 影响对关爱给予的反应。正常心血管疾病的研究 照顾者对压力的反应很重要，因为研究结果将 增加了通过适当的干预，照顾者 会有更长久的生活。护士处于帮助黑人的最佳位置 女性评估自己的血压和脉搏对护理的反应 并就如何调整需求、资源和 应对他们生活中的反应，以促进健康的结果。

The proportionate representation of elders of color is increasing at twice the rate of the predominant White American population. As persons age, they eventually become more dependent on others for their care. For some women, the care giver role is self-selected, and for others, by default. However, studies of the responses to care giving have focused predominantly on self-reported psychological and physical health responses in mostly convenience samples of White females. In addition, most of the studies have been cross-sectional and without a comparison group of noncaregivers. Limited studies have addressed physiological responses (i.e., cardiovascular responses) over time. Yet, a major concern for caregivers and their support systems is the cardiovascular system's response to care giving, both on a daily basis and in the future. For example, reproducible elevations in blood pressure over time increase the risk for end organ disease (e.g., kidney disease). Additional concerns are the other competing demands (e.e., daily hassles, neighborhood crime, comorbidities) in the lives of caregivers and the available resources to address them. One resource that has received limited examination in care giver research is learned resourcefulness. Thus, the overall aim of this study is identify and cardiovascular responses, and associated intervening factors (e.g., learned resourcefulness), to care giving in Black female caregivers compared to noncaregivers during work, sleep, and post work situations and over three years. A conceptual model describing the process by which competing demands and resources of Black females caregivers compared to noncaregivers may affect cardiovascular responses is proposed and will be tested using regression and equation modeling techniques. Research focusing on 24 hour ambulatory blood pressures and pulses in a randomly selected sample of Black female caregivers is severely lacking. Nurse researchers strive to identify factors that affect responses to care giving. Studies of normal cardiovascular responses to stress among caregivers are important because findings will increase the likelihood that, with appropriate interventions, caregivers will have a linger life. Nurses are in an optimal position to help black females evaluate their blood pressure and pulse responses to care giving and make informed decisions about how to adjust demands, resources and coping responses in their lives to facilitate healthy outcomes.