MORPHOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF CUTANEOUS MECHANORECEPTORS

皮肤机械感受器的形态组织

• 批准号: 6187382
• 负责人: STANLEY J BOLANOWSKI
• 金额: $ 18.17万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-07-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6187382
• 关键词: Macaca; cats; cutaneous sensory nerve; electrophysiology; histology; human tissue; immunocytochemistry; mechanoreceptors; neuroanatomy; postmortem; somesthesis; species difference; stainings; stimulus /response; touch

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The sense of touch is pivotal to survival. When it is corrupted through disease, environmental and homeostatic conditions cannot be sensed, resulting in major physical, experiential and cognitive deficiencies. Furthermore, the sense of touch often becomes the surrogate aid for the deaf or blind, perhaps best exemplified by Braille. In spite of its importance for human survival, comparatively little is known about the sense of touch when compared to hearing and vision. Thus the long-term objective of the research program is to determine the underlying bases for somatosensory sensation and perception. In order to achieve this ultimate goal it will be necessary to determine the relationships among the physical parameters of the stimulus, the underlying physiological mechanisms and the anatomical organization, linking these factors to psychophysical results and behavioral observations. In the short-term, the duration of the proposed research, we will perform anatomical investigations on the hairless (glabrous) skin of mammals which will test four specific hypotheses regarding the sense of touch and lay a basis for future, additional models for taction. We will test whether: a) there are four distinct populations of tactile receptors within the glabrous skin of humans and cat, but only three such populations in the monkey; b) Ruffini endings, as seen in hairy skin, constitute one of the classes of mechanoreceptors found within the glabrous skin of mammals; c) tactile receptors within the glabrous skin lie in an ordered array, and d) the loss of tactile sensitivity that occurs during the normal aging process may be explained by a change in the receptor distribution within the glabrous skin. These four hypotheses will be tested by determining the distribution and organization of the tactile receptors using established histological techniques on cutaneous tissue obtained from the glabrous skin regions (specifically the fingertips and the thenar eminence) of human cadavers of various ages and monkeys, and from the footpads of cats.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）： 触觉对生存至关重要。当它通过 疾病，环境和稳态状况无法感知，导致 在主要的身体，体验和认知缺陷中。此外， 接触感通常成为聋人或盲目的替代辅助，也许 最好的例子是盲文。尽管它对人类生存的重要性，但 与听力相比，关于触觉的感觉相对鲜为人知 和愿景。因此，研究计划的长期目标是 确定体感感官和感知的基础基础。在 为了实现这一最终目标，有必要确定 刺激的物理参数之间的关系 生理机制和解剖组织，将这些因素联系起来 进行心理物理结果和行为观察。在短期内 拟议研究的持续时间，我们将对 哺乳动物的无毛（无毛（无毛）皮肤，将测试四个特定 关于接触感和为未来的基础的假设 taction的模型。我们将测试是否：a）有四个不同的 人类和猫的无毛皮肤中的触觉受体种群， 但是猴子中只有三个这样的人群； b）ruffini的结局，如 毛皮，构成了在 哺乳动物的无毛皮肤； c）无毛皮肤内的触觉受体位于 一个有序的数组，d）在此期间发生的触觉敏感性丧失 正常的衰老过程可以通过受体分布的变化来解释 在无毛的皮肤中。这四个假设将通过确定 使用已建立的触觉受体的分布和组织 从无毛皮肤获得的皮肤组织上的组织学技术 人尸体的区域（特别是指尖和当时的杰出） 来自各种年龄和猴子，以及猫的脚垫。