MORPHOLOGICAL SUBSTRATES UNDERLYING INTENSITY CODING--TACTILE

强度编码下的形态基底——触觉

• 批准号: 6300812
• 负责人: STANLEY J BOLANOWSKI
• 金额: $ 15.95万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-04-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6300812
• 关键词: action potentials; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; biological signal transduction; cats; electron microscopy; hearing; histochemistry /cytochemistry; loudness; mechanoreceptors; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; psychophysiology; stimulus /response; touch

The auditory and tactile systems convert mechanical energy into neural activity for the purposes of perceiving our environment. This commonality suggest that the two sensory systems may use similar mechanisms for encoding stimulus intensity, but the manner in which this occurs is still unresolved for both systems. Furthermore although there are many similarities between these two systems, their peripheral organization is quite different. The experiments proposed in this subproject are designed to determine the basic morphology of certain aspects of the tactile system and to compare and contrast the organizing principles found in audition and taction. The experiments are designed to determine if differences in receptor design and spatial arrangement result in different schemes for intensity coding in the two systems, or if the systems are essentially similar despite the peripheral diversity. An additional goal is to determine the morphological substrates involved in tactile intensity coding and to relate these to the tactile psychophysical and physiological mechanisms. Thus a few of the long-range goals are to understand how tactile receptors encode stimulus intensity, how the peripheral nerve fibers that convey the result of transduction toward the brain are organized, and how the central structures that receive these nerve fibers are arranged for the neural processing of loudness. Using the cat as the animal model for humans, we will determine the organization of the peripheral nerves innervating the hairless (glabrous) skin and link the response properties of the peripheral nerve fibers to their anatomical endorgans. Furthermore we will test the hypothesis that the loci of transduction in tactile receptors are elements (filopodia) that project from the nerve fibers innervating the various endorgans. We will do this using well-established histological, biochemical, molecular-biological techniques, and electrophysiology. Lastly, enzymatic and mechanical removal of he Pacinian corpuscle's accessory capusle and attendant electrophysiology should reveal basic mechanisms of transduction of importance both for audition and taction. The results will provide a scientific rational for methods than can be used to devise treatments and prosthetic devices, to ameliorate partial or profound deafness, and to recruit the use of the tactile system as a surrogate input for auditory information.

听觉和触觉系统将机械能量转换为神经 为了感知我们的环境而进行活动。这个共性 建议这两个感觉系统可以使用类似的机制 编码刺激强度，但是发生这种情况的方式仍然是 两个系统都无法解决。 此外，尽管有很多 这两个系统之间的相似性，它们的外围组织是 完全不同。设计了此副本中提出的实验是设计的 确定触觉系统某些方面的基本形态 并比较和对比试镜中发现的组织原则 taction。实验旨在确定是否有差异 受体设计和空间布置导致不同的方案 在两个系统中或系统本质上是在两个系统中的强度编码 尽管外围多样性相似。 另一个目标是 确定触觉强度编码涉及的形态基材 并将其与触觉心理物理和生理学联系起来 机制。 因此，一些长期目标是了解如何 触觉受体编码刺激强度，周围神经如何 传达转导向大脑的结果的纤维是 有组织的以及如何接收这些神经纤维的中心结构 安排了响度的神经处理。 用猫作为 人类动物模型，我们将确定 外围神经支配无毛（无毛）皮肤并将其连接起来 周围神经纤维对解剖学的响应特性 内脏。 此外，我们将检验以下假设 触觉受体的转导是该项目的元素（丝状） 从神经支配各种内膜的神经纤维中。 我们会这样做 使用良好的组织学，生化，分子生物学 技术和电生理学。 最后，酶和机械 删除He Pacinian Colleccle的配件Capusle和服务员 电生理学应揭示转导的基本机制 对于试镜和taction而言，重要性很重要。 结果将提供 对于方法而言，科学合理的方法是设计治疗和 假肢设备，改善部分或深刻的耳聋，并 招募使用触觉系统作为听觉的替代输入 信息。