MOLECULAR EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF COLOR VISION

描述：(改编自调查人员摘要)这两年的目标 这个项目是为了了解夜间生活对大脑功能和 短、中、长波长视蛋白基因的进化及认识 哺乳动物的视蛋白序列是否有助于推断其生活方式(日间 或夜间活动的)其祖先的。具体问题是：1)测试 S和M/L在中国存在失而复得的假说 祖传的真兽类。2)了解S视蛋白基因丢失的速度有多快 在夜间生活下。3)M/L视蛋白基因在ALL中是否始终存在 (夜间活动的)哺乳动物？4)M/L视蛋白基因座在任何(特别是 夜间活动)原猴，就像新大陆猴子的情况一样？是这样吗？ 猫头鹰猴子的多态(唯一的夜间活动的新大陆猴子？5) 高等灵长类动物的共同祖先是否有M或L眼球？6)来检查 几种动物的长而强的夜行性假设。 为了审查这些问题，PI提出了以下工作：1)对 M/L和S视蛋白基因在一系列物种中的代表性个体： 两种有袋动物(负鼠和红颈袋鼠)；一种单孔动物(鸭嘴兽)；一种 猫头猴和8只原猴；4只蝙蝠(2只巨型蝙蝠，2只微型蝙蝠)；3只啮齿动物； 三种食肉动物：眼镜猴；狐猴；猫头猴；是否存在M/L基因多态性。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from investigator's abstract) The goal of this 2-year project is to understand the effects of nocturnal life on the function and evolution of the short and middle-to-long wavelength opsin genes and to know whether the opsin sequences of a mammal can help infer the life style (diurnal or nocturnal) of its ancestor. The specific issues are: 1) To test the hypothesis that there was a loss-and-regain of the S and M/L opsins in the ancestral eutherians. 2) To know how fast loss of the S opsin gene can occur under nocturnal life. 3) Has the M/L opsin gene always persisted in all (nocturnal) mammals? 4) Is the M/L opsin locus polymorphic in any (especially nocturnal) prosimians as in the case for New World monkeys? And is it polymorphic in owl monkeys (the only nocturnal New World monkey? 5)Did the common ancestor of higher primates have an M or L opsin? 6) To examine the assumption of long strong nocturnality in several animals. To examine these issues, the PI proposes the following work: 1) Sequence the M/L and S opsin genes in representative individuals from a series of species: Two marsupials (opossum and red-necked wallaby); One monotreme (platypus); One owl monkey and 8 prosimians; Four bats (two mega, two micro); Three rodents; Three carnivores; Study whether there is M/L polymorphism in: Tarsiers; Lemurs; Owl monkeys.