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Predicting the distribution of major debris flow hazard using coupled 10Be erosion records and 1m resolution digital topography

利用 10Be 侵蚀记录和 1m 分辨率数字地形耦合预测主要泥石流灾害的分布

基本信息

批准号：
NE/J012750/1
负责人：
Simon Mudd
金额：
$ 5.29万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ012750%2F1
关键词：
Predicting distribution major debris flow

项目摘要

On the 6th of August 2010 intense storms triggered widespread debris flows in the Indus Valley centred near Leh, India. Initially over 3000 people were unaccounted for and the final toll was over 200 dead and over 600 houses destroyed. Our group has been working in the area for over a decade and we visited the area in May 2011 to resurvey and resample channels where we had pre-event data. We discovered that debris flows concentrated near the mountain front, somewhat contrary to expectations: channels near the mountain front are on low relief alluvial fan surfaces whereas in the high mountains the main channel is deeply incised and would appear at first glance more active. However, we noted that the hillslopes near the mountain front were rougher (rockier) and were more dissected than the high elevation portions of the catchment; it is from these rough, dissected hillslopes that the debris flows originated. We believe that the rough hillslopes correlate with debris flow activity and seek to test this hypothesis with a combination of detailed field surveys of debris flow channels and previously unavailable high resolution topographic data. We will also quantify if the spatial distribution of debris flows persists over long time scales by measuring the concentration of 10Be in stream sediments. These measurements and our analysis will help us to understand debris flow hazard in remote mountainous areas in the Himalayas and beyond.

2010年8月6日，强烈的风暴在印度列城附近的印度河流域引发了广泛的泥石流。最初有3000多人下落不明，最终死亡人数超过200人，600多所房屋被毁。我们的团队已经在该地区工作了十多年，并于2011年5月访问了该地区，重新调查并重新采样了我们拥有事件前数据的渠道。我们发现，泥石流集中在山前附近，这与预期有些相反：山前附近的河道位于低地形冲积扇表面，而在高山中，主河道被深深切割，乍一看更加活跃。然而，我们注意到，山前附近的山坡比集水区的高海拔部分更粗糙（岩石较多），更容易断裂；泥石流就是从这些粗糙的、被解剖的山坡上形成的。我们认为，粗糙的山坡与泥石流活动有关，并试图通过对泥石流通道的详细实地调查和以前无法获得的高分辨率地形数据相结合来验证这一假设。我们还将通过测量河流沉积物中10Be的浓度来量化泥石流的空间分布是否在长时间尺度上持续存在。这些测量和我们的分析将帮助我们了解喜马拉雅山和其他偏远山区的泥石流危害。