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The Changing Polar Ionosphere: A Comparative Climatology of Solar Cycles 23 and 24

变化的极地电离层：太阳活动周期 23 和 24 的比较气候学

基本信息

批准号：
NE/K011766/1
负责人：
Timothy Yeoman
金额：
$ 49.02万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK011766%2F1
关键词：
Changing Polar Ionosphere Comparative Climatology

项目摘要

The polar ionosphere has a range of effects on technological systems produced by the coupling of the solar wind with the magnetosphere, and the resulting electrodynamic interaction between magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere. These effects include the degradation of trans-ionospheric satellite communications and point-to-point radio communications, clutter effects in over-the-horizon radars, and increased levels (and decreased predictability) of satellite drag.Such effects are known to be strongly influenced by the activity level of the sun, and hence the phase of the 11-year solar activity cycle. Recent changes in solar activity have taken the scientific community by surprise, in that the recent solar minimum was both extended in time, and much lower in activity than predicted. As we now approach solar maximum we see an increasing solar activity, but this rise in activity is also less than expected.We propose an extensive statistical investigation of the profound changes imposed on a number of fundamental ionospheric characteristics by the changing solar cycle, focussing on the inter-cycle differences between solar cycle 23, a "standard" solar cycle, and the most recent, unusual solar cycle 24. Furthermore, we will extend this analysis of solar cycle dependence and inter-cycle differences to a number of ionospheric and atmospheric characteristics which have a direct effect on the operational characteristics of key technologies such as trans-ionospheric communication, satellite navigation and radar systems. This major step forward in defining and understanding these effects and their dependence on the level of solar activity will allow a prediction of their consequences for the polar ionosphere and atmosphere, and for the technological systems we operate in the polar regions.

极地电离层对太阳风与磁层的耦合以及磁层、电离层和大气之间产生的电动力学相互作用所产生的技术系统有一系列影响。这些影响包括跨电离层卫星通信和点对点无线电通信的退化，超视距雷达的杂波效应，以及卫星阻力水平的增加（和可预测性的降低）。众所周知，这种效应受到太阳活动水平的强烈影响，因此受到11年太阳活动周期阶段的影响。最近太阳活动的变化使科学界感到意外，因为最近的太阳极小期不仅在时间上延长了，而且活动比预测的要低得多。当我们现在接近太阳活动最大值时，我们看到太阳活动在增加，但这种活动的增加也比预期的要少。我们建议对不断变化的太阳周期对电离层基本特征的深刻变化进行广泛的统计调查，重点关注太阳周期23（一个“标准”太阳周期）和最近的不寻常的太阳周期24之间的周期间差异。此外，我们将把对太阳周期依赖性和周期间差异的分析扩展到对跨电离层通信、卫星导航和雷达系统等关键技术的运行特性有直接影响的电离层和大气特性。在定义和理解这些影响及其对太阳活动水平的依赖方面，这一重大进展将使我们能够预测它们对极地电离层和大气的影响，以及我们在极地地区操作的技术系统的影响。