Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds

政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC 2007）强调，未来气候预测中最大的不确定性来自于我们对云与太阳和地面辐射的相互作用缺乏了解（Dufresene & Bony, 2008）。在南极洲，云在决定该大陆的冰盖辐射收支、表面质量平衡和臭氧气候学方面起着重要作用。然而，尽管如此，很少有云特性、气溶胶数量、云凝结核（CCN）或冰核（in）的现场测量，主要集中在遥感数据集上（见Bromwich等人2012年的综述）。因此，高纬度地区气候和预报模式的技能明显低于中纬度地区。在这个项目中，我们计划将取样地区扩大到更能代表南极大陆沿海地区的地区。正是在这个沿海地区，云对气候的影响最大，因为在大陆内部，总云量较少（Lachlan-Cope 2010），而且存在的云更脆弱。为了实现这一目标，我们将从哈雷研究站进行飞行。

The largest uncertainties in future climate predictions highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC 2007) arise from our lack of knowledge of the interaction of clouds with solar and terrestrial radiation (Dufresene & Bony, 2008). In Antarctica clouds play a major role in determining the continent's ice sheet radiation budget, its surface mass balance and ozone climatology. However in spite of this there are few in situ measurements of cloud properties, aerosol numbers, Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) or Ice Nuclei (IN) with the main focus being on remote sensing data sets (see the review by Bromwich et al 2012). As a result the skill in climate and forecast models at high latitudes is significantly poorer than at mid latitudes. In this is project we plan to extend the regions sampled to ones more representative of the Antarctic continent's coastal region. It is in this coastal region that clouds will have the biggest impact on the climate as in the interior of the continent the total cloud cover is less (Lachlan-Cope 2010) and those clouds that exist are more tenuous. To achieve this we will conduct flights from the Halley research station.