Biodiversity, ecosystem functions and policy across a tropical forest modification gradient

热带森林改造梯度的生物多样性、生态系统功能和政策

• 批准号: NE/K016164/1
• 负责人: Emma Sayer
• 金额: $ 46.64万
• 依托单位: The Open University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FK016164%2F1
• 关键词: Biodiversity; ecosystem; functions; policy; across

Tropical forests support over two-thirds of the world's terrestrial biodiversity. However, between 35% and 50% of tropical forests have already been degraded, and the rate of deforestation continues to increase. Increasingly, secondary forests, plantations and other human-modified habitats will dominate tropical landscapes, leading to concerns that human degradation of these landscapes will elevate greenhouse gas emissions and jeopardise ecosystem services at local, regional and global scales. The area of protected forests is unlikely to increase greatly in the future, so the persistence of biodiversity and the important biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem services associated with it in tropical landscapes will depend to a large extent on the way we treat the wider tropical landscape. The Human Modified Tropical Forests programme seeks to 'significantly improve our understanding of the links between biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles in tropical forests' through 'integrated observations and modelling linked to gradients in forest modification'. To contribute towards this goal our consortium will use surveys along a disturbance gradient within the SAFE landscape in Sabah (Malaysian Borneo) to detect patterns, combined with manipulative field experiments to gain a mechanistic understanding of biodiversity-function linkages. We will assess the extent to which different elements of biodiversity (e.g. species of conservation concern) are associated with measures of ecosystem function (biogeochemical cycles). We will then upscale from the experimental sites to the landscape-scale to generate spatial layers of ecosystem function, biodiversity, and greenhouse gas fluxes to inform policy scenario modelling.Our work will thus (1) characterise soil microbial function and measuring associated biogeochemical fluxes; (2) Experimentally test the links between aboveground biodiversity and soil function; (3) Build and add to existing datasets for bird and mammals, and explore correlations between functioning and the distribution of species of conservation concern; and (4) Explore policy scenarios for optimising biodiversity and function protection.

热带森林支持着世界上三分之二以上的陆地生物多样性。然而，35%至50%的热带森林已经退化，森林砍伐率继续增加。次生林、人工林和其他人为改变的生境将越来越多地主导热带景观，导致人们担心这些景观的人为退化将增加温室气体排放，并在地方、区域和全球范围内危及生态系统服务。受保护森林的面积今后不大可能大幅增加，因此，热带景观中生物多样性的持久性以及与之相关的重要生物地球化学循环和生态系统服务将在很大程度上取决于我们如何对待更广泛的热带景观。人为改造热带森林方案旨在通过“与森林改造梯度有关的综合观测和建模”，“大大提高我们对热带森林生物多样性与生物地球化学循环之间联系的认识"。为了实现这一目标，我们的财团将使用调查沿着在沙巴（马来西亚婆罗洲）的安全景观内的干扰梯度检测模式，结合操纵现场实验，以获得生物多样性功能联系的机械理解。我们将评估生物多样性的不同要素（例如受保护的物种）与生态系统功能（生物地球化学循环）的相关程度。我们的工作将从实验地点扩大到生态系统尺度，生成生态系统功能、生物多样性和温室气体通量的空间层次，为政策情景建模提供信息。因此，我们的工作将（1）研究土壤微生物功能和测量相关的生物地球化学通量;（2）实验测试地上生物多样性和土壤功能之间的联系;（3）建立和增加现有的鸟类和哺乳动物数据集，并探索功能和保护物种分布之间的相关性;（4）探索优化生物多样性和功能保护的政策方案。

项目成果

Litter Inputs, but Not Litter Diversity, Maintain Soil Processes in Degraded Tropical Forests-A Cross-Continental Comparison

凋落物输入，而非凋落物多样性，维持了退化热带森林的土壤过程——跨洲比较

• DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00090
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Kerdraon D

Litter Traits of Native and Non-Native Tropical Trees Influence Soil Carbon Dynamics in Timber Plantations in Panama

• DOI: 10.3390/f10030209
• 发表时间: 2019-02
• 期刊: Forests
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Deirdre Kerdraon;J. Drewer;B. Castro;A. Wallwork;Jefferson S. Hall;E. Sayer