EFFECT OF EXERCISE & DIET ON ENERGY EXPENDITURE & BODY COMPOSITION IN

肥胖症在富裕社会中显著增加，这一趋势包括儿童和青少年。 体重增加是由于热量摄入超过热量（能量）消耗。 肥胖症流行率的增加表明人口正向能量平衡转变。 饮食摄入量和体力活动代表了行为，因此与能量消耗不同，这一平衡方程的可修改方面。 研究表明，能量消耗减少可能是超重母亲的婴儿、皮马印第安成年人和普拉德-威利综合征儿童肥胖的危险因素，尽管这在其他人群中不太清楚。 最近的研究表明，体育锻炼对成年人体重增加有明显的保护作用。 这些研究尚未在其他健康的肥胖儿童和青少年中进行。这项研究将评估健康肥胖儿童和青少年与对照患者相比，低脂（<30%总热量）饮食和中等强度运动计划对能量消耗和身体成分的影响：接受体重管理“标准”建议（没有正式随访）的肥胖儿童。 将使用间接量热法、双标记水（DLW）和DEXA（双能X射线吸收法）分析完成这些测定。 该项目的长期目标是提高对预防和治疗儿童肥胖症的认识和建议。

Obesity is increasing significantly in affluent societies, this trend includes children and adolescents. Weight gain results from caloric intake exceeding caloric (energy) expenditure. The increase in prevalence of obesity represents a population shift towards positive energy balance. Dietary intake and physical activity represent the behavioral, and therefore modifiable aspects of this balance equation, unlike energy expenditure. It has been shown that reduced energy expenditure may constitute a risk factor for obesity for infants of overweight mothers, Pima Indian adults, and children with Prader-Willi syndrome, although this is less clear in other populations. Recent studies show that physical exercise has a pronounced protective effect against weight gain in adults. These studies have not been performed in otherwise healthy obese children and adolescents. This study will assess the effect of a low-fat (<30% total calories) diet and a moderate intensity exercise program in healthy obese children and adolescents upon energy expenditure and body composition compared to control patients: obese children who receive "standard" advice (without formal follow-up) for weight management. These determinations will be accomplished using indirect calorimetry, doubly labelled water (DLW), and DEXA (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) analysis. The long-term goals of this project are to improve the understanding and recommendations for the prevention and treatment of obesity in children.