Integrated Nitrogen Management System (Pump priming)

集成氮气管理系统（泵启动）

• 批准号: NE/L013371/1
• 负责人: Mark Sutton
• 金额: $ 19.78万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FL013371%2F1
• 关键词: Integrated; Nitrogen; Management; System; Pump

Nitrogen compounds are essential for life. They are needed to make many biological compounds including proteins, amino acids, DNA and ATP (the 'fuel source' of cells), without which no living organism could survive. Nitrogen is particularly important because it often limits food production, while high levels of N compounds in the environment lead to serious pollution problems. By supplying N fertilizers, farmers greatly improve their yields. This has been essential to feed the growing world population over the last century, with N fertilizers estimated to sustain ~3.5 billion people, almost half of humanity.While the increased manufacture and mobilization of reactive N sources can be seen as a great feat of 'geoengineering', there have been many unintended consequences. A growing human population needs more food, so more fertilizers, especially as we now eat more animal products per person. The result is a complex web of pollution issues, threatening water, air and soil quality, altering climate balance and impacting on ecosystems and human health. In addition to the loss of N from farms, other sources cannot be forgotten. These include air emissions from burning, and losses to water from sewage systems. Overall, human alteration of the global N cycle makes for a multi-issue problem that ranks alongside climate change as one of the great challenges of the 21st century. The European Nitrogen Assessment has estimated that N pollution alone causes 70-320 billion Euro per year of damage across the EU (Nature, 14 April 2011,472,159).Given the wide diversity of nitrogen loss pathways into the environment, there are many potential solutions. In a recent report 'Our Nutrient World' led by CEH for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP, launched Feb 2013), 10 key actions were identified which would contribute to better nutrient management, simultaneously helping to meet food security goals while reducing the pollution of air, land and water, with multiple benefits for ecosystems, climate and human health. However, 'Our Nutrient World' also identified that there is currently no global international agreement that links the many benefits and threats of nitrogen. As a result, there is also no coordinated scientific assessment and support process to quantify and demonstrate these linkages. This gap is now being addressed by the International Opportunities Fund (IOF) of the NERC through its support for a new endeavour "Pump priming to towards the International Nitrogen Management System" - or 'INMSpp' for short.The central idea is that a scientific support system is needed that can provide the evidence needed to show how joined-up management of the global nitrogen cycle will deliver multiple benefits, and to be able to evaluate options that policy makers may wish to consider. Already there is a developing ambition for INMS as reflected by the invitation from the UN Global Environment Facility (GEF) for the NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) to work with UNEP to develop a concept to establish a future INMS approach. Ultimately this would be a major endeavour, linking indicators, models and datasets to allow evaluation of possible international agreements. The INMS pump priming project provides a key step towards this eventual goal. As one of the key challenges to establish model chains from source to impact to mitigation and adaptation the INMSpp project has taken on the task of working out how integrated global modelling of the nitrogen cycle should be developed. The project will bring together a global consortium to examine how models can be joined up to demonstrate the net benefits of better nitrogen management. This will be a key resource as the INMS approach is developed. The outcome is the prospect to show how linking up different international environmental agreements can build common ground, simultaneously supporting food and energy security and a cleaner environment.

氮化合物是生命所必需的。它们是制造许多生物化合物所必需的，包括蛋白质、氨基酸、DNA和ATP(细胞的燃料来源)，没有这些物质，任何活着的有机体都无法生存。氮尤其重要，因为它经常限制粮食生产，而环境中高水平的氮化合物会导致严重的污染问题。通过提供氮肥，农民大大提高了产量。在过去的一个世纪里，这对养活不断增长的世界人口至关重要，据估计，氮肥养活了大约35亿人，几乎占人类总数的一半。尽管增加反应氮源的制造和动员可以被视为一项伟大的地球工程壮举，但也产生了许多意想不到的后果。不断增长的人口需要更多的食物，因此需要更多的化肥，特别是在我们现在每人吃更多动物产品的情况下。其结果是一个复杂的污染问题网络，威胁着水、空气和土壤的质量，改变了气候平衡，影响了生态系统和人类健康。除了来自农场的氮的损失，其他来源也不能被忘记。其中包括燃烧产生的空气排放，以及污水系统的水损失。总体而言，人类对全球氮循环的改变导致了一个多问题的问题，它与气候变化并列为21世纪的重大挑战之一。欧洲氮素评估估计，仅氮污染每年就会在整个欧盟造成700-3200亿欧元的损害(《自然》杂志，2011年4月14日，472,159)。鉴于氮在环境中损失的途径多种多样，有许多潜在的解决方案。在CEH最近为联合国环境规划署(UNEP，2013年2月发布)领导的一份名为“我们的营养世界”的报告中，确定了10项关键行动，这些行动将有助于更好地管理营养，同时帮助实现粮食安全目标，同时减少空气、土地和水的污染，对生态系统、气候和人类健康有多方面的好处。然而，《我们的营养世界》也指出，目前还没有全球性的国际协议将氮的诸多好处和威胁联系起来。因此，也没有协调一致的科学评估和支助进程来量化和证明这些联系。NERC的国际机会基金(IOF)正在通过支持一项新的努力来解决这一差距，该基金支持一项新的努力--“为实现国际氮素管理系统做好准备”--或简称为‘INMSpp’。中心思想是，需要一个科学的支持系统，它能够提供所需的证据，表明全球氮循环的联合管理将如何带来多重好处，并能够评估决策者可能希望考虑的选项。联合国全球环境基金(全环基金)邀请国家环境研究中心生态和水文学中心(CEH)与环境署合作，制定一个概念，以建立未来的国家环境管理体系办法，这反映了国家环境管理体系的发展雄心。归根结底，这将是一项重大努力，将指标、模型和数据集联系起来，以便对可能的国际协定进行评估。INMS泵启动项目为实现这一最终目标迈出了关键一步。作为建立从源头到影响再到缓解和适应的模型链的关键挑战之一，INMSpp项目承担了如何制定全球氮循环综合模型的任务。该项目将汇集一个全球财团，研究如何将模型结合起来，以证明更好的氮素管理的净效益。随着INMS方法的制定，这将是一项关键资源。其结果是展示了如何将不同的国际环境协议联系起来，建立共同点，同时支持粮食和能源安全以及更清洁的环境。

项目成果

Evaluating Organic Materials Coating on Urea as Potential Nitrification Inhibitors for Enhanced Nitrogen Recovery and Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.)

评估尿素上的有机材料涂层作为增强氮回收和玉米生长的潜在硝化抑制剂（Zea mays L.）

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: International Journal of Agriculture and Biology
• 作者: Ashraf, M N

NEEM (Azadirachta indica) OIL COATED UREA IMPROVES NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND MAIZE GROWTH IN AN ALKALINE CALCAREOUS SOIL

• DOI: 10.21162/pakjas/20.9850
• 发表时间: 2020-06-01
• 期刊: PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 0.8
• 作者: Ali, Mohsin;Maqsood, Muhammad Aamer;Awan, Masood Iqbal
• 通讯作者: Awan, Masood Iqbal

Spatial heterogeneity of mesozooplankton along the tropical coastal waters

• DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2020.104193
• 发表时间: 2020-12-13
• 期刊: CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Anandavelu, I.;Robin, R. S.;Ramesh, R.
• 通讯作者: Ramesh, R.

Nitrogen Assessment

氮评估

• DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824417-3.00007-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Aziz T

Spatio-temporal distribution of reactive nitrogen species in relation to wheat cultivation in Bangladesh

• DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04120-z
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: SN Applied Sciences
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: J. Biswas;M. Hossain;M. Maniruzzaman;M. Haque;S. Akhter;U. Naher;M. M. Rahman-M.;T. Adhya;M. S