New approaches for the quantitative detection of human pathogenic viruses within the freshwater-marine continuum

淡水-海洋连续体中人类致病病毒定量检测的新方法

• 批准号: NE/M010996/1
• 负责人: Davey Jones
• 金额: $ 66.85万
• 依托单位: Bangor University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM010996%2F1
• 关键词: New; approaches; quantitative; detection; human

Viruses pose one of the biggest threats to human wellbeing being responsible for numerous infections and millions of deaths worldwide each year. Most of these viral diseases are passed via the faecal-oral route in which contaminated food and water are frequently implicated in the primary infectivity phase. Although many of these infections are self-limiting, the societal and economic burden should not be underestimated. For example, Norovirus (NoV) is estimated to cause over 2 million cases of illness in the UK each year resulting in millions of days of lost productivity and an economic burden estimated to exceed £100 million to the NHS directly and over £2 billion annually to the wider economy. Worryingly, it is clear from a range of critical reviews that the burden of waterborne disease is likely to increase in Europe in response to climate change. This increasing problem is being exacerbated by increased pressure on wastewater infrastructure (due to population rise), sewer misconnections and a greater incidence of storms and flood events causing the release of untreated sewage (stormwater discharge) into river networks and the coastal zone. Considering the magnitude of the problem and the disease burden forecast for the near future, it is timely to develop new strategic approaches for mitigating against viral contamination and to develop new and improved risk assessment tools for protecting human health. In view of this, our proposal aims to address the critical need to develop and validate new tools for the detection and surveillance of human pathogenic viruses in freshwater, estuarine and coastal environments. Specifically, we will design and test experimental and modelling tools to permit the robust recovery and quantification of viral populations from contrasting matrices (e.g. seawater, freshwater, sediments, effluent, shellfish). These tools will be designed to capture the viral populations in both space and time. We will focus on viruses of strategic importance from a human health perspective (e.g. Norovirus, Sapovirus, Hepatitis A/E), however, these will be placed in a wider context via metavirome analysis of RNA and DNA viral communities. These techniques will be deployed and demonstrated at the catchment-to-coast scale whilst simultaneously answering fundamental questions about the temporal and spatial dynamics of viral flow. This knowledge will be used to validate next generation mathematical models capable of predicting viral flow through the river network and coastal zone. Combined, this information will be used with key stakeholders (e.g. Cefas) in the implementation of new methods and guidelines for assessing infection risk (e.g. in recreational waters, beaches & shellfisheries) and for protecting human health. Our proposal directly addresses the strategic aims of the NERC Environmental Microbiology and Human Health (EMHH) Programme. As requested by the call, we will provide "scientific evidence to support fast and efficient identification of pathogenic microorganisms in environmental media which can be used in appropriate tools and models for the protection of public health targeting the freshwater and coastal zone". The work is also directly relevant to the policy objectives and strategic aims of the Food Standards Agency, Defra and European Union (DG Sanco, and DG Mare).

病毒对人类福祉构成最大威胁之一，每年在全世界造成无数感染和数百万人死亡。大多数这些病毒性疾病是通过粪-口途径传播的，其中受污染的食物和水经常涉及初级感染阶段。虽然这些感染中有许多是自限性的，但不应低估其社会和经济负担。例如，诺如病毒（NoV）估计每年在英国引起超过200万例疾病，导致数百万天的生产力损失和经济负担，估计直接给NHS带来超过1亿英镑的经济负担，每年给更广泛的经济带来超过20亿英镑的经济负担。令人担忧的是，从一系列批评性评论中可以清楚地看到，为了应对气候变化，欧洲水媒疾病的负担可能会增加。这一日益严重的问题因以下因素而加剧：废水基础设施压力增加（由于人口增加）、下水道错误连接以及风暴和洪水事件发生率增加，导致未经处理的污水（雨水排放）排入河流网络和沿海地区。考虑到这一问题的严重性和对不久的将来疾病负担的预测，现在是时候制定新的战略方法来减轻病毒污染，并开发新的和改进的风险评估工具来保护人类健康。有鉴于此，我们的提案旨在满足开发和验证用于检测和监测淡水、河口和沿海环境中人类致病病毒的新工具的迫切需要。具体而言，我们将设计和测试实验和建模工具，以允许从对比基质（例如海水，淡水，沉积物，污水，贝类）中稳健地恢复和量化病毒种群。这些工具将被设计为在空间和时间上捕获病毒种群。我们将重点关注从人类健康角度具有战略重要性的病毒（例如诺如病毒、沙波病毒、甲型/戊型肝炎），然而，这些病毒将通过对RNA和DNA病毒群落的元病毒组分析置于更广泛的背景下。这些技术将在流域到海岸的尺度上进行部署和演示，同时回答有关病毒流的时空动态的基本问题。这些知识将用于验证下一代数学模型，这些模型能够预测通过河流网络和沿海地区的病毒流量。这些信息将与主要利益攸关方（如Cefas）一起用于实施新的方法和准则，以评估感染风险（如娱乐沃茨、海滩和贝类渔业）和保护人类健康。我们的提案直接涉及NERC环境微生物学和人类健康（EMHH）计划的战略目标。根据呼吁的要求，我们将提供“科学证据，支持快速有效地鉴定环境介质中的病原微生物，这些病原微生物可用于保护淡水和沿海地区公共卫生的适当工具和模型”。这项工作也与食品标准局、Defra和欧盟（DG Sanco和DG Mare）的政策目标和战略目标直接相关。

项目成果

City-wide wastewater genomic surveillance through the successive emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119306
• 发表时间: 2022-11-01
• 期刊: WATER RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 12.8
• 作者: Brunner, F. S.;Brown, M. R.;Bassano, I;Denise, H.;Khalifa, M. S.;Wade, M. J.;van Aerle, R.;Kevill, J. L.;Jones, D. L.;Farkas, K.;Jeffries, A. R.;Cairns, E.;Wierzbicki, C.;Paterson, S.
• 通讯作者: Paterson, S.

Viromic analysis of wastewater input to a river catchment reveals a diverse assemblage of RNA viruses

对流域废水的病毒学分析揭示了 RNA 病毒的多样化组合

• DOI: 10.1101/248203
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Adriaenssens E

Viromic Analysis of Wastewater Input to a River Catchment Reveals a Diverse Assemblage of RNA Viruses.

• DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00025-18
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: mSystems
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Adriaenssens EM;Farkas K;Harrison C;Jones DL;Allison HE;McCarthy AJ
• 通讯作者: McCarthy AJ