Environmental and demographic drivers of migratory strategies in birds

鸟类迁徙策略的环境和人口驱动因素

• 批准号: NE/M012549/1
• 负责人: Jennifer Gill
• 金额: $ 47.67万
• 依托单位: University of East Anglia
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM012549%2F1
• 关键词: Environmental; demographic; drivers; migratory; strategies

Throughout the world, the distribution, abundance and behaviour of species is changing in response to climatic changes, presenting severe challenges for species conservation. Changes in range size and distribution can be particularly challenging for the site-based conservation strategies that form the backbone of most legislative and policy frameworks for conservation. Changes in distribution and abundance in response to environmental and climatic changes are ultimately a consequence of the complex ecological and behavioural processes that drive individual fitness and population demography. Understanding and quantifying these processes that drive species responses to environmental change is therefore a major challenge in ecology and conservation.The coastal regions of the UK and continental Europe support internationally important populations of many migratory waders and wildfowl that breed at subarctic and arctic latitudes. Rapid and ongoing changes in the behaviour of these migratory species in response to climate change can alter their non-breeding distribution, and understanding the causes of these changes is needed in order to maintain effective systems of site and species protection. In particular, changes in the frequency of migratory and non-migratory (ie resident) individuals within populations can fundamentally alter their non-breeding distribution, but the causes of such changes in migratory behaviour are unknown. One major potential driver of these changes are the shifts in timing of breeding that are being widely reported in migratory species at present. Advanced timing of breeding can directly influence individual fitness and, if residents tend to breed earlier than migrants, advances may disproportionately benefit residents. For example, earlier spring warming could benefit residents if subsequent earlier nesting is more successful and/or if they have more time for replacement clutches following nest loss. However, the consequences of such changes for population abundance and distribution will also depend upon the mechanisms determining migratory behaviour, and particularly whether being resident or migrant is a facultative response to local environmental conditions that can vary annually, or a deterministic response to early life conditions that is repeated in subsequent years. Predicting the consequences of changes in migratory behaviour for the non-breeding distribution of migratory populations therefore requires an understanding of the fitness consequences of different migratory strategies, and the mechanistic processes driving these differences.Addressing these issues requires model systems in which diverse individual migratory strategies can be identified within the same population, and in which detailed studies of the links between environmental conditions and individual fitness are possible. We propose to quantify the mechanisms determining the relative fitness associated with different migratory strategies, and the factors determining the initiation and maintenance of individual migratory strategies, in an established study population of Eurasian oystercatchers in Iceland in which both resident and migrant strategies are present. This information will be key to predicting the consequences of future climatic and environmental change for the distribution of migratory species, and the implications for site-based conservation strategies.

在全世界，物种的分布、丰度和行为都在随着气候变化而发生变化，这对物种保护提出了严峻的挑战。范围大小和分布的变化可能对基于地点的保护战略特别具有挑战性，这些战略构成了大多数保护立法和政策框架的支柱。环境和气候变化导致的分布和丰度变化最终是驱动个体适应性和人口统计的复杂生态和行为过程的结果。了解和量化这些过程，推动物种对环境变化的反应，因此是一个重大的挑战，在生态和conservation.The英国和欧洲大陆的沿海地区支持许多迁徙涉禽和野禽在亚北极和北极纬度繁殖的国际重要人口。这些迁徙物种的行为因气候变化而发生的迅速和持续变化可能会改变其非繁殖分布，因此需要了解这些变化的原因，以维持有效的地点和物种保护系统。特别是，种群内迁徙和非迁徙（即居民）个体频率的变化可以从根本上改变其非繁殖分布，但迁徙行为发生这种变化的原因尚不清楚。这些变化的一个主要潜在驱动因素是目前在迁徙物种中广泛报道的繁殖时间的变化。繁殖的提前时间可以直接影响个体的适应性，如果居民往往比移民更早繁殖，那么进步可能会不成比例地使居民受益。例如，如果随后的早期筑巢更成功和/或如果他们有更多的时间在巢穴丢失后更换离合器，那么春季变暖可能会使居民受益。然而，这种变化对种群数量和分布的影响也将取决于决定移徙行为的机制，特别是居住或移徙是对每年都有变化的当地环境条件的任意反应，还是对随后几年重复的早期生活条件的决定性反应。因此，预测迁徙种群非繁殖分布的迁徙行为变化的后果，需要了解不同迁徙策略的适应性后果，以及驱动这些差异的机械过程。解决这些问题需要模型系统，其中不同的个体迁徙策略可以在同一种群中识别，在这一领域，对环境条件和个体适应性之间的联系进行详细研究是可能的。我们建议量化的机制，确定与不同的迁移策略的相对健身，并确定启动和维护个人的迁移策略的因素，在一个既定的研究人口欧亚牡蛎捕手在冰岛，居民和移民的战略。这些信息将是预测未来气候和环境变化对迁徙物种分布的影响以及对基于地点的保护战略的影响的关键。

项目成果

Ecosystem recharge by volcanic dust drives broad-scale variation in bird abundance.

• DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1523
• 发表时间: 2015-06
• 期刊: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Gunnarsson, Tomas Gretar;Arnalds, Olafur;Appleton, Graham;Mendez, Veronica;Gill, Jennifer A.
• 通讯作者: Gill, Jennifer A.

Individual consistency in migration strategies of a tropical seabird, the Round Island petrel.

• DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00311-y
• 发表时间: 2022-03-14
• 期刊: Movement ecology
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Franklin KA;Norris K;Gill JA;Ratcliffe N;Bonnet-Lebrun AS;Butler SJ;Cole NC;Jones CG;Lisovski S;Ruhomaun K;Tatayah V;Nicoll MAC
• 通讯作者: Nicoll MAC

Additional file 1 of Individual consistency in migration strategies of a tropical seabird, the Round Island petrel

热带海鸟圆岛海燕迁徙策略的个体一致性的附加文件 1

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19359873
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Franklin K

Does competition really drive population distributions?

• DOI: 10.18194/ws.00166
• 发表时间: 2019-12-01
• 期刊: Wader Study
• 作者: Gill, Jennifer A.

Effects of spring temperature and volcanic eruptions on wader productivity

• DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12449
• 发表时间: 2017-04-01
• 期刊: IBIS
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Gunnarsson, Tomas Gretar;Johannesdottir, Lilja;Gill, Jennifer A.
• 通讯作者: Gill, Jennifer A.