DISENTANGLING THE MECHANISMS OF ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION IN SYMPATRIC PALM SPECIES

解开同域棕榈树种的生态物种形成机制

• 批准号: NE/M015742/1
• 负责人: Vincent Savolainen
• 金额: $ 51.02万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM015742%2F1
• 关键词: DISENTANGLING; MECHANISMS; ECOLOGICAL; SPECIATION; SYMPATRIC

How species originate and diverge from their progenitor is one of the key questions in biology. Divergence resulting from geographical isolation is a well-known driving force of speciation, but in theory populations could also diverge into separate species in the absence of geographical isolation, a mechanism generally referred to as speciation with gene flow. Documented cases with very high initial gene flow remain rare. Savolainen et al. provided compelling evidence for in situ speciation in a case study of two species of palm in the genus Howea, H. forsteriana and H. belmoreana, strictly endemic to the minute Lord Howe Island (LHI) in the Tasman Sea. Although this case study is viewed by many as probably one of the most convincing examples of sympatric speciation to date, it has still been hotly debated. Speciation in the face of high gene flow would occur most readily when ecological traits under divergent selection (e.g. soil preference or foraging behaviour) and traits associated with assortative mating (e.g. flowering time or body size) are correlated genetically. The two Howea palm species have distinct peaks of flowering time and have contrasting distributions related to substrate preferences: H. belmoreana is restricted to the older volcanic rocks, whereas H. forsteriana grows predominantly on calcareous soils but also on volcanic soils in disturbed sites. Given these features, a scenario for ecological speciation has been proposed. However, although ecological speciation is thought to be a major generator of biodiversity, the genetic basis behind this process is still poorly understood. Here, building on our previous research, we will determine the mechanisms of reproductive isolation in the evolution of sympatric Howea palms and identify the genes underlying speciation.

物种是如何起源和分化的是生物学的关键问题之一。地理隔离导致的分化是物种形成的一个众所周知的驱动力，但在理论上，在没有地理隔离的情况下，种群也可以分化成不同的物种，这种机制通常被称为基因流动的物种形成。有记录的病例中，初始基因流非常高的情况仍然罕见。Savolainen等人在对两种棕榈属植物的案例研究中为原地物种形成提供了令人信服的证据。forsteriana和H. belmoreana，严格地特有分钟豪勋爵岛（LHI）在塔斯曼海。虽然这个案例研究被许多人视为迄今为止最有说服力的同域物种形成的例子之一，但它仍然受到激烈的争论。面对高基因流的物种形成将最容易发生时，生态性状在不同的选择（如土壤偏好或觅食行为）和性状与交配（如开花时间或身体大小）相关的遗传。这两种棕榈有不同的开花时间高峰，并有不同的基质偏好相关的分布：H。belmoreana仅限于较古老的火山岩，而H. forsteriana主要生长在石灰性土壤上，但也生长在扰动地区的火山土上。鉴于这些特点，生态物种形成的方案已被提出。然而，尽管生态物种形成被认为是生物多样性的主要产生者，但对这一过程背后的遗传基础仍然知之甚少。在这里，建立在我们以前的研究，我们将确定的机制，生殖隔离的进化同域豪厄棕榈树，并确定潜在的物种形成的基因。

项目成果

A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation.

• DOI: 10.1111/evo.12587
• 发表时间: 2015-03
• 期刊: Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
• 作者: Igea J;Bogarín D;Papadopulos AS;Savolainen V
• 通讯作者: Savolainen V

Ecological speciation in sympatric palms: 1. Gene expression, selection and pleiotropy.

• DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12895
• 发表时间: 2016-08
• 期刊: Journal of evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Dunning LT;Hipperson H;Baker WJ;Butlin RK;Devaux C;Hutton I;Igea J;Papadopulos AS;Quan X;Smadja CM;Turnbull CG;Savolainen V
• 通讯作者: Savolainen V

Ecological speciation in sympatric palms: 2. Pre- and post-zygotic isolation.

同胞棕榈中的生态形成：2。前后结肠分离。

• DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12933
• 发表时间: 2016-11
• 期刊: Journal of evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Hipperson H;Dunning LT;Baker WJ;Butlin RK;Hutton I;Papadopulos AS;Smadja CM;Wilson TC;Devaux C;Savolainen V
• 通讯作者: Savolainen V

Phylotranscriptomic Insights into the Diversification of Endothermic Thunnus Tunas.

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy198
• 发表时间: 2019-01-01
• 期刊: Molecular biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: Ciezarek AG;Osborne OG;Shipley ON;Brooks EJ;Tracey SR;McAllister JD;Gardner LD;Sternberg MJE;Block B;Savolainen V
• 通讯作者: Savolainen V

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote coexistence and niche divergence of sympatric palm species on a remote oceanic island.

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.14850
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: The New phytologist
• 作者: Osborne OG;De-Kayne R;Bidartondo MI;Hutton I;Baker WJ;Turnbull CGN;Savolainen V
• 通讯作者: Savolainen V