Active tectonics and seismic hazard assessment in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia Provinces, China

中国陕西、甘肃、宁夏省活动构造与地震危险性评价

• 批准号: NE/N012313/1
• 负责人: Philip England
• 金额: $ 63.92万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN012313%2F1
• 关键词: Active; tectonics; seismic; hazard; assessment

The provinces of Sha'anxi, Gansu, and Ningxia lie between the southern and western margins ofthe Ordos block and the northeastern Tibetan plateau. The population of the region is about 70million, of whom approximately half live within large cities, which have grown rapidly and recentlyaround the nuclei of much smaller cities that are known to have been destroyed by earthquakesin the historical past. The remainder of the population is rural, and live in highly vulnerable buildings.The region has suffered three of the most deadly earthquakes in recorded history; the 1556 Huaxianearthquake was responsible for the deaths of over 800,000 people, and other historical earthquakesare known to have killed over 100,000 people. This project aims to make a significant improvement in the assessment of seismic hazard in the region,and is particularly timely because the study area covers the most populous part of the Chinese end of the Silk Road Economic Belt, a planned investment of hundreds of billions of dollars that will transform communications, transport and trade across Eurasia.Unlike countries around the Pacific Rim, where earthquakes occur quite frequently, on faults whose locations are well known, China is exposed to hazards from earthquakes that occur on a widelydistributed system of faults, whose locations are poorly known -- or not known at all until an earthquake occurs. The central aspect of this earthquake hazard is that the intervals between successiveearthquakes on the same section of fault are thousands of years. In order to characterize accuratelythe deformation of a region, therefore, we need to determine the distribution, rate, and roleof the active faults across the region over the past 10,000 to 100,000 years.We shall shall achieve this by combining techniques of field geology, geophysics, satellite-based mapping,and measurements of the deformation of the Earth' surface using GPS and satellite radar. We shall combine these observations into a coherent picture of the deformation of the region, which will be usedto make a new map of seismic hazard of the region that is both more accurate and more detailed than existing maps.

陕西、甘肃和宁夏位于鄂尔多斯地块的南部和西部边缘与青藏高原东北部之间。该地区的人口约为7000万，其中约一半居住在大城市，这些大城市迅速发展，最近围绕着历史上被地震摧毁的小城市的核心。其余的人口是农村人口，居住在高度脆弱的建筑物中。该地区遭受了有史以来三次最致命的地震; 1556年的华县地震造成80多万人死亡，其他历史地震已知造成10多万人死亡。该项目旨在对该地区的地震危险性评估做出重大改进，而且特别及时，因为研究区域涵盖了丝绸之路经济带中国端人口最多的部分，计划投资数千亿美元，将改变整个欧亚大陆的通信、运输和贸易。与地震发生相当频繁的环太平洋国家不同，在位置已知的断层上，中国面临着发生在广泛分布的断层系统上的地震的危险，而这些断层的位置却鲜为人知，或者在地震发生之前根本不知道。这种地震危险性的核心是同一断层上连续发生的地震间隔长达数千年。因此，为了准确地描述一个地区的形变特征，我们需要确定该地区过去1万至10万年来活动断层的分布、速率和作用。我们将通过结合野外地质、地球物理、卫星制图以及使用GPS和卫星雷达测量地球表面形变来实现这一目标。我们将把这些观测结果联合收割机合成一幅关于该地区变形的连贯图像，并将利用这幅图像制作一幅新的该地区地震危险性图，它比现有的地图更精确、更详细。

项目成果

Comment on: "Crustal strength in central Tibet determined from Holocene shoreline deflection around Siling Co" by Xuhua Shi, Eric Kirby, Kevin P. Furlong, Kai Meng, Ruth Robinson and Erchie Wang

评论：“根据色林措周围全新世海岸线偏转确定的西藏中部地壳强度” 作者：Xuhua Shi、Eric Kirby、Kevin P. Furlong、Kai Ming、Ruth Robinson 和 Erchie Wang

• DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.042
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• 影响因子: 5.3
• 作者: England P

Analysis of the causative fault of the M~7 earthquake in the northeast part of Xi'an, China in the year 1568

1568年西安东北部7级地震的震源断层分析

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101415
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Feng X

On Shear Stresses, Temperatures, and the Maximum Magnitudes of Earthquakes at Convergent Plate Boundaries

• DOI: 10.1029/2018jb015907
• 发表时间: 2018-08-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: England, Philip

Constraints of new apatite fission-track ages on the tectonic pattern and geomorphic development of the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.103909
• 发表时间: 2019-09
• 期刊: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: J. Pang;Jingxing Yu;D. Zheng;Yizhou Wang;Huiping Zhang;Chaopeng Li;Weitao Wang;Y. Hao

Creating an earthquake scenario in China: A case study in Weinan City, Shaanxi province

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101305
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International journal of disaster risk reduction
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: J. Rodgers;Guiwu Su;Wenhua Qi;D. Milledge;A. Densmore;C. Davis;P. England;John Young;Yue Cao;A. Chakos;Xiaoli Li;T. Sim;E. So;B. Parsons;Lei Sun;Junlei Yu;Chunlan Guo