HIV RISK AND COMING-OUT AMONG GAY AND LESBIAN ADOLESCENTS

男女同性恋青少年的艾滋病毒风险和出柜

• 批准号: 6243026
• 负责人: Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
• 金额: $ 23.87万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6243026
• 关键词: AIDS; African American; HIV infections; Hispanic Americans; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; disease /disorder proneness /risk; female; gender difference; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interview; juvenile delinquency; male; problem solving; psychological identification; psychological stressor; psychosexual development; racial /ethnic difference; self concept; sex behavior; social desirability; social group; social service; social support network; substance abuse related disorder; suicide; videotape /videodisc

Similar to heterosexual peers, a central developmental task of gay and lesbian adolescents is to explore their personal identity, particularly with respect to their sexual orientation. The exploration of sexual orientation is typically labeled the "coming-out" process: a period of presumed heterosexuality, followed by recognizing oneself as lesbian or gay, exploring one's homosexuality by gaining information about homosexuality and the lesbian/gay community, disclosing one's orientation to others, and becoming comfortable with and accepting of one's sexual orientation. The strong social norms endorsing heterosexual orientation, the negative reactions by families and peers towards homosexuality, and the lack of positive role models increase the likelihood that gay and lesbian adolescents will experience stress and become socially isolated as they explore their personal identities. These difficulties are exacerbated for adolescents because they have fewer resources than those who come-out in early adulthood. The stress generated by societal reactions lead adolescents who are coming-out to be at higher risk for engaging in sexual and substance use HIV risk acts, non-HIV related problems (e.g., school problems, depression, suicidality, delinquency), compared to their heterosexual peers. However, gay and lesbian adolescents who successfully cope with the increased developmental challenges posed to them have increases self-esteem and interpersonal problem solving skills that enhance adjustment. To examine this process, a consecutive series of 75 lesbian and 75 gay male adolescents aged 14-21 who contact agencies providing social and recreational services to lesbian and gay adolescents will be recruited. The coming-out process, HIV-related and non-HIV related risk acts, and positive adaptive outcomes will be monitored at three points over 12 months. In addition, there have been no assessments of social norms and adaptive responses to cope with situations that may place youths at high risk. Therefore, we will develop a videotape measure to assess these norms. Specifically, we will examine: 1) the developmental process of coming-out over one year; 2) how the coming-out process impacts HIV-related and non-HIV risk acts, as well as adaptive outcomes; and 3) identify social norms and socially competent responses for negotiating safer acts and coming-out. The results from this study will indicate whether HIV prevention programs must target lesbian girls, provide guidelines for tailoring HIV prevention programs to the youth's place in the coming-out process; and provide guidelines for the direction of social skills training programs regarding the norms for coping in high risk situations.

与异性恋同龄人类似，同性恋和 女同性恋青少年是探索他们的个人身份，特别是 关于他们的性取向。 性的探索 定向通常被标记为“走出来”的过程： 假定异性恋，其次是承认自己是女同性恋或 同性恋，通过获取有关 同性恋和女同性恋/男同性恋社区，披露自己的取向 对别人，并成为舒适和接受一个人的性 导向 支持异性恋取向的强大社会规范， 家庭和同龄人对同性恋的负面反应， 缺乏积极的榜样增加了同性恋和 女同性恋青少年会感到压力，变得孤立 探索他们的个人身份 这些困难 因为他们的资源比那些 在成年早期就出柜了 社会压力产生的压力 反应导致青少年谁是出来的风险更高， 从事与艾滋病毒无关的性行为和药物使用艾滋病毒风险行为 问题（例如，学校问题，抑郁症，自杀，犯罪）， 与异性恋同龄人相比。 然而，男同性恋和女同性恋 那些成功地科普了日益增长的发展问题的青少年， 他们面临的挑战增加了自尊和人际关系， 解决问题的能力，提高调整。 为了检验这个过程， 一个连续的系列75女同性恋和75男同性恋青少年年龄在14-21岁 世卫组织与提供社会和娱乐服务的机构联系， 男女同性恋青少年将被招募。 出柜的过程 艾滋病毒相关和非艾滋病毒相关的风险行为，以及积极的适应结果 将在12个月内的三个时间点进行监测。 此外还有 没有评估社会规范和适应性反应科普 可能使青少年处于高风险的情况。 所以我们会 制定一个录像带措施来评估这些规范。 具体来说，我们将 考察：1）一年多来的出柜发展过程; 2） 出柜过程如何影响艾滋病毒相关和非艾滋病毒风险行为， 以及适应性结果; 3）确定社会规范和社会 谈判更安全的行为和出柜的适当反应。 的 这项研究的结果将表明艾滋病预防计划是否 必须以女同性恋者为目标， 预防方案，使青年在出柜过程中占有一席之地;以及 为社会技能培训项目的方向提供指导方针 关于应对高风险情况的规范。