TOOLS FOR PLANNING AND EVALUATING URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE - BICESTER AND BEYOND

规划和评估城市绿色基础设施的工具 - 比斯特及其他

• 批准号: NE/N017730/1
• 负责人: Pamela Berry
• 金额: $ 12.58万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN017730%2F1
• 关键词: TOOLS; PLANNING; EVALUATING; URBAN; GREEN

Green Infrastructure (GI) is the network of natural, semi-natural and managed green spaces and water features that provide benefits for people and wildlife. This includes woodlands, parks, gardens, playing fields, street trees, grass verges, green roofs, rivers, ponds, wetlands and sustainable urban drainage systems. GI offers a range of benefits, including flood protection, carbon storage, cooling, filtering of air and water pollution, space for recreation, and habitat for biodiversity. There is a wealth of academic research into the benefits of GI and a wide range of assessment tools have been developed by researchers, but many of these tools are not suitable for wider use, and there is no comprehensive guidance to help users choose and apply the best tools to meet their needs. This poses a problem for local planners, who face the challenge of developing effective networks of GI as budgets fall and demand for land for housing and infrastructure grows.This project is driven by the needs of Cherwell District Council, who are responsible for planning GI in Bicester. The town is set to double in size over the next 20 years, which will place pressure on existing GI - already being lost to infill development - but provides opportunities to create large areas of high-quality GI within the new developments, which include the UK's first eco-town in NW Bicester. The council needs tools to help them plan how to link existing GI with the new GI and the wider countryside, creating connected networks for wildlife and people, and how to ensure that the GI network delivers a wide range of benefits in the areas where they are most needed.The University of Oxford is therefore working with Forest Research to compile a toolbox of existing methods that can be used to plan and evaluate GI, and develop clear step-by-step guidance to help users select and apply the best tools to meet their needs. The tools and guidance will allow users to map and assess existing GI, identify opportunities for adding new GI or enhancing existing GI, and evaluate the benefits of these investments. We will work with local planners to apply this approach to developing a GI Plan for Bicester, and we will test the tools and guidance with potential future users in other local authorities to ensure that it can be applied more widely.By enabling planners, developers and green space managers to assess the impact of new developments on GI, and identify well-targeted cost-effective options for improving the GI network, we expect our project to have a significant impact in Bicester and beyond. Improved planning can maximise the benefits delivered by each area of GI and by the network as a whole. Valuation of the benefits delivered by GI can help to make the business case for investment, allowing more GI improvements to be delivered on the ground. A high quality network of well-designed GI can transform an area into a more attractive place to live, work and invest. As well as improving the health, wellbeing and quality of life of residents, this can boost jobs and economic development by creating new commercial opportunities in maintaining GI or running associated businesses (cafés, outdoor exercise classes etc). GI can also provide the most cost-effective way of adapting to climate change impacts by providing flood protection, shading and cooling. It can also provide opportunities for social engagement, local food production and educational activities, as well as protecting biodiversity.Keywords: Green infrastructure; ecosystem services; biodiversity; spatial planning; valuation; connectivity.Stakeholders: Cherwell District Council; Bioregional; Oxfordshire County Council; Oxfordshire Local Enterprise Partnership; Bicester Town Council; Wild Oxfordshire; BBOWT (wildlife trust); A2Dominion (Bicester eco-town developer); Ecosystems Knowledge Network; Green Infrastructure Partnership; Environment Agency; South Downs National Park Authority; Mersey Forest.

绿色基础设施（GI）是自然、半自然和管理的绿色空间和水景的网络，为人类和野生动物提供好处。这包括林地、公园、花园、运动场、行道树、草地边缘、绿色屋顶、河流、池塘、湿地和可持续的城市排水系统。地理标志提供了一系列的好处，包括防洪、碳储存、冷却、过滤空气和水污染、娱乐空间和生物多样性栖息地。关于地理标志的益处有大量的学术研究，研究人员开发了各种各样的评估工具，但其中许多工具不适合广泛使用，也没有全面的指导来帮助用户选择和应用最好的工具来满足他们的需求。这给地方规划者带来了一个问题，随着预算的下降和住房和基础设施用地需求的增长，他们面临着发展有效的地理标志网络的挑战。该项目是由彻韦尔区议会的需求推动的，他们负责规划比斯特的地理标志。该镇的规模将在未来20年内翻一番，这将给现有的地理标志带来压力，这些地理标志已经因填充开发而丧失，但它提供了在新开发项目中创造大面积高质量地理标志的机会，其中包括英国西北比斯特的第一个生态城镇。委员会需要工具来帮助他们规划如何将现有地理标志与新的地理标志以及更广泛的农村联系起来，为野生动物和人类建立连接网络，以及如何确保地理标志网络在最需要的地区提供广泛的利益。因此，牛津大学正在与森林研究中心合作，编制一个现有方法工具箱，用于规划和评估地理特征，并制定明确的分步指导，帮助用户选择和应用最佳工具来满足他们的需求。这些工具和指南将允许用户绘制和评估现有地理标志，确定添加新地理标志或增强现有地理标志的机会，并评估这些投资的收益。我们将与当地规划人员合作，将这种方法应用于比斯特地理标志规划的制定，并将与其他地方当局的潜在未来用户一起测试这些工具和指导，以确保其能够得到更广泛的应用。通过使规划者、开发商和绿地管理者能够评估新开发项目对地理标志的影响，并确定有针对性的、具有成本效益的方案来改善地理标志网络，我们希望我们的项目能在比斯特市及其他地区产生重大影响。改进的规划可以最大限度地提高地理标志的每个区域和整个网络的效益。对地理标志带来的好处进行评估可以帮助制定投资的商业案例，从而允许在实际中交付更多的地理标志改进。一个高质量的精心设计的地理标志网络可以将一个地区转变为一个更有吸引力的生活、工作和投资场所。除了改善居民的健康、福祉和生活质量外，这还可以通过在维持地理位置或经营相关业务（咖啡、户外运动课程等）方面创造新的商业机会，促进就业和经济发展。地理标志还可以通过提供防洪、遮阳和降温等功能，为适应气候变化影响提供最具成本效益的方式。它还可以为社会参与、当地粮食生产和教育活动以及保护生物多样性提供机会。关键词：绿色基础设施；生态系统服务;生物多样性;空间规划;估值;连通性。利益相关者：查威尔区议会；Bioregional;牛津郡议会；牛津郡本地企业伙伴关系；比斯特市议会；野生牛津郡;野生动物信托；A2Dominion（比斯特生态城开发商）；生态系统知识网络；绿色基础设施伙伴关系；环境局;南唐斯国家公园管理局；默西河森林。

项目成果

A toolkit for planning and evaluating urban GI - in Bicester and beyond

用于规划和评估比斯特及其他城市地理标志的工具包

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Town and Country Planning
• 作者: Smith A. C.

A Sustainable Oxford-Cambridge Corridor? Spatial analysis of options and futures for the Arc. Infrastructure Transitions Research Consortium.

可持续发展的牛津-剑桥走廊？

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Hickford A

Natural capital: Bicester case study

自然资本：比斯特案例研究

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Transform
• 作者: Smith, A.S.

Natural Capital Mapping in Oxfordshire - short report

牛津郡自然资本测绘 - 简短报告

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Smith A. C.

Bicester's green infrastructure planning toolkit. in Planning for green and prosperous places.

比斯特的绿色基础设施规划工具包。

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Smith, A.S.