DiHPS - A Distributed Heat Pulse Sensor Network for the quantification of subsurface heat and water fluxes

DiHPS - 用于量化地下热量和水通量的分布式热脉冲传感器网络

• 批准号: NE/P003486/1
• 负责人: Stefan Krause
• 金额: $ 17.21万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP003486%2F1
• 关键词: DiHPS; Distributed; Heat; Pulse; Sensor

We propose the development of a novel, distributed soil moisture and temperature monitoring network that will present a step change from currently available monitoring technologies, which tend to be based on data collection at isolated points in time and space, to real-time, spatially-distributed data collection that enable effective and responsive decision making to deal with rapidly increasing demands in a changing climate.The proposed system will be based on combining Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS) technology with an active heat source. The so-called Active DTS (A-DTS) allows observing flow-related heating and cooling patterns along the actively heated cable. It is this Distributed Heat Pulse, A-DTS technology that we will use in the development of the proposed Sensor network - DiHPS. While broader applications in heat and water flux assessments will be possible with DiHPS, in this project we will focus on demonstrating its suitability to quantify the moisture content and thermal properties of the soil.Description of the spatial and temporal distribution/ dynamics of these soil parameters is important for many agricultural, engineering and meteorological applications. Soil moisture, for example, is a key state variable in controlling land-atmosphere interactions and an early indicator of changes in the hydrological system, e.g. associated with daily evapotranspiration or event-based recharge cycles or with extreme events (i.e., droughts or floods). It is widely used in agriculture (e.g., irrigation management), forestry (e.g. plantation water demand estimations), meteorology (e.g. local and regional weather forecasts), water resources management (e.g. estimation of groundwater recharge) as well as a state indicator variable in drought / flood early warning systems. Soil thermal properties influence the partitioning of energy within the ground and at the ground surface, and are related to soil temperature and the movement of heat and water within the ground and their transfer across the ground surface. For these reasons, soil physicists, crop scientists and micrometeorologists study thermal properties, and they are also important in engineering applications, (e.g., determining the electric current rating of buried cables, ground heat exchanger design). We will build on earlier work which has demonstrated the principal capacity of A-DTS to measure soil moisture under controlled conditions in a lysimeter facility. We will expand this technology from a single point application to a distributed, real time sensor network and a coiled, vertical A-DTS profiler for measuring soil moisture content and thermal properties at high spatial and temporal resolution. The network and profiler will be tested at TRL4 by installing it at our test site at the Birmingham Institute for Forestry Research (BIFoR). The results will be compared with in-situ soil moisture content and thermal property data from Frequency-Domain Reflectometry (FDR) soil moisture probes and thermal needle probe measurements, respectively. To achieve real-time, autonomous system operation, a set of heating strategies will be tested and initial threshold (trigger values) will be defined. These will define at what change in soil temperature, as observed by continuous temperature observation in DTS passive mode, initiation/cessation of the DTS active mode will be triggered. A key component of DiHPS is the real-time control for triggering the change from active to passive observation mode. This will require the development of a set of algorithms, based on inverse modelling and asymptotic approaches, which can process the raw DTS data in real-time to provide the required outputs. No existing DTS-application attempts to provide temperature or soil moisture data temperature in such detail and in real-time. If successful, we anticipate a step change in the way DTS is employed, e.g. in early warning systems or for providing detailed process understanding.

我们建议发展一种新型的、分布式的土壤湿度和温度监测网络，这将呈现一个阶段性的变化，从目前可用的监测技术，往往是基于孤立的时间和空间点的数据收集，到实时的、空间分布的数据收集，使有效和响应的决策能够应对气候变化中快速增长的需求。该系统将基于分布式温度传感器（DTS）技术和主动热源的结合。所谓的主动DTS （A-DTS）允许沿着主动加热电缆观察与流动相关的加热和冷却模式。我们将在传感器网络DiHPS的开发中使用这种分布式热脉冲A-DTS技术。虽然DiHPS在热通量和水通量评估方面有可能得到更广泛的应用，但在本项目中，我们将重点展示其量化土壤水分含量和热特性的适用性。描述这些土壤参数的时空分布/动态对许多农业、工程和气象应用都很重要。例如，土壤湿度是控制陆地-大气相互作用的关键状态变量，也是水文系统变化的早期指标，例如与每日蒸散或基于事件的补给循环或极端事件（即干旱或洪水）有关。它广泛应用于农业（如灌溉管理）、林业（如种植园用水需求估算）、气象学（如当地和区域天气预报）、水资源管理（如地下水补给估算）以及干旱/洪水预警系统中的状态指标变量。土壤热性质影响着能量在地下和地表的分配，并与土壤温度、地下热量和水分的运动及其在地表的传递有关。由于这些原因，土壤物理学家，作物科学家和微气象学家研究热特性，它们在工程应用中也很重要，（例如，确定埋地电缆的额定电流，地面热交换器设计）。我们将以早期的工作为基础，这些工作已经证明了a - dts在渗湿仪设施的受控条件下测量土壤湿度的主要能力。我们将把这项技术从单点应用扩展到分布式实时传感器网络和一个卷曲的垂直a - dts剖面仪，用于在高空间和时间分辨率下测量土壤水分含量和热特性。网络和分析器将在TRL4进行测试，将其安装在伯明翰林业研究所（BIFoR）的测试站点。结果将分别与频域反射（FDR）土壤水分探针和热针探针测量的原位土壤水分含量和热性质数据进行比较。为了实现实时、自主的系统运行，将测试一组加热策略，并定义初始阈值（触发值）。这些将定义在DTS被动模式下连续温度观测所观察到的土壤温度变化时，DTS主动模式的启动/停止将被触发。DiHPS的一个关键组成部分是触发从主动到被动观测模式变化的实时控制。这将需要开发一套基于逆建模和渐近方法的算法，这些算法可以实时处理原始DTS数据以提供所需的输出。没有现有的dts应用程序试图提供如此详细和实时的温度或土壤湿度数据温度。如果成功，我们预计DTS的使用方式会发生阶段性变化，例如在早期预警系统中或提供详细的过程理解。

项目成果

High-Resolution Monitoring of Soil Water Dynamics in a Vegetated Hillslope by Active Distributed Temperature Sensing. Abstract AGU Fall Meeting 2016

通过主动分布式温度传感对植被山坡土壤水动态进行高分辨率监测。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Ciocca F.

The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds.

该方法控制了故事 - 采样方法对河床孔隙水氮浓度检测的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Comer-Warner S

Using Actively Heated Fibre Optics (AHFO) to determine soil thermal conductivity and soil moisture content at high spatial and temporal resolution

使用主动加热光纤 (AHFO) 以高空间和时间分辨率确定土壤热导率和土壤水分含量

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts
• 作者: Ciocca Francesco

Identification of floodplain and riverbed sediment heterogeneity in a meandering UK lowland stream by ground penetrating radar

利用探地雷达识别英国蜿蜒低地溪流中的漫滩和河床沉积物异质性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.103863
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Geophysics
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Dara R

Controls on soil moisture temporal and spatial variability on a recently forested hill slope

对最近森林覆盖的山坡土壤湿度时空变化的控制

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Abesser, C