Future Secular Changes & Remediation of Groundwater Arsenic in the Ganga River Basin

未来的长期变化

• 批准号: NE/R003386/1
• 负责人: David Polya
• 金额: $ 58.2万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR003386%2F1
• 关键词: Future; Secular; Changes; Remediation; Groundwater

Arsenic in groundwater is causing severe detrimental impacts on human health in the Indian sub-continent. In the Gangetic River Basin, which supports a population of over 500 million people, tens of millions of people are exposed to groundwater arsenic, resulting in more than 15,000 premature deaths each year, as well as enhanced morbidity and reduced economic productivity. Whilst many remediation/mitigation schemes have been implemented to reduce groundwater arsenic exposure, there exist pressures that may partly counteract these efforts. These include: [i] increased reliance on groundwater arising from increased population and affluence coupled with decreased recharge of surface water reservoirs, and [ii] future secular increases in groundwater arsenic which we hypothesise may arise from (a) ingress of surface-derived organic carbon, thought to be strongly implicated in the microbially-mediated biogeochemical processes leading to arsenic mobilisation; or (b) injection of oxygenated waters in managed aquifer recharge (MAR) leading to oxidative dissolution of arsenic-bearing pyrite In this project, we will quantify the vulnerability of shallow urban or rural aquifers to secular increases in groundwater arsenic stimulated by enhanced oxygen or organic carbon supplies. Efficiently and effectively building on existing core research and field and laboratory infrastructure of the highly complementary team of India and UK research and water resource management investigators, this study will combine unique field studies of sedimentologically distinct natural laboratories in the upper, mid and/or lower Ganga/Hooghly as well as contrasting naturally recharging and managed aquifer recharging systems such as river bank filtration (RBF). We will evaluate the biogeochemical processes controlling arsenic mobilisation in key zones, including the hyporheic zone, of surface water-groundwater interactions. We will build upon existing detailed hydrogeological knowledge of the field areas, much built up by the project partners , supplemented by further sampling and analysis of key tracers including CFCs, SF6, tritium, and indicators of provenance, organic biomarkers, including emerging organic contaminants, and redox species ratios. Our developed understanding of these systems will be incorporated into reactive contaminated transport models to (i) facilitate the prediction of groundwater arsenic hazards in the Ganga River Basin over the next 50 years; (ii) inform selection of remediation technologies and approaches, including indirect approaches, such as improving management of near surface urban and rural organic carbon sources. Establishing workable frameworks for considering due diligence, long-term maintenance and sustainability of solutions, social integration of technology using community participatory approaches will be a key element of project outreach and knowledge transfer. The results will inform risk assessment and remediation/mitigation of groundwater vulnerability both elsewhere in India and globally, including in many ODA countries and the UK.We have established a broad and inclusive network of researchers, NGOs, government organisations and other stakeholders with strong interests in mitigating the impacts of human activity on secular increases in the concentration of arsenic and other contaminants in vulnerable groundwaters in India. This network will aim to both transfer knowledge of the hazard, risk and potential remediation/mitigation of these hazards as well as drive for further networking, integration, knowledge transfer and co-funding to better understand the natural and anthropogenic processes controlling these critical public health risks and effective ways to mitigate against them. The partners have substantive and complementary track-records in this area of research and water resource management and will bring significant co-funding to the project, through staff time and/or lab & field infrastructure.

地下水中的砷对印度次大陆的人类健康造成严重的有害影响。在养育着5亿多人口的恒河流域，数千万人暴露于地下水砷，每年造成15 000多人过早死亡，发病率上升，经济生产力下降。虽然已经实施了许多补救/缓解计划，以减少地下水砷暴露，存在的压力，可能会部分抵消这些努力。其中包括：[i]由于人口增加和富裕，加上地表水水库补给减少，对地下水的依赖增加，[ii]我们假设地下水砷的未来长期增加可能源于（a）地表衍生有机碳的进入，被认为与微生物介导的生物地球化学过程密切相关，导致砷的移动;或（B）注入含氧沃茨在管理含水层补给（MAR）导致含砷黄铁矿的氧化溶解在这个项目中，我们将量化浅城市或农村含水层的脆弱性，以长期增加地下水砷刺激增强氧气或有机碳供应。高效和有效地建立在印度和英国研究和水资源管理调查人员高度互补的团队的现有核心研究和现场和实验室基础设施上，本研究将联合收割机结合上，中和/或下恒河/胡格利的沉积学上不同的自然实验室的独特的实地研究，以及对比自然补给和管理含水层补给系统，如河岸过滤（RBF）。我们将评估控制砷在关键区域（包括地表水-地下水相互作用的潜流带）的活动的地球化学过程。我们将建立在现有的详细的水文地质知识的领域，主要是由项目合作伙伴建立，通过进一步的采样和分析关键示踪剂，包括CFC，SF6，氚，和来源指标，有机生物标志物，包括新兴的有机污染物，和氧化还原物种比率。我们对这些系统的了解将被纳入反应性污染运输模型，以（i）促进未来50年恒河流域地下水砷危害的预测;（ii）为修复技术和方法的选择提供信息，包括间接方法，如改善近地表城市和农村有机碳源的管理。建立可行的框架，以考虑解决方案的尽职调查、长期维护和可持续性，以及利用社区参与办法将技术融入社会，将是项目外联和知识转让的一个关键要素。研究结果将为印度其他地方和全球地下水脆弱性的风险评估和补救/缓解提供信息，包括许多ODA国家和英国。政府组织和其他利益攸关方，在减轻人类活动对脆弱地下水中砷和其他污染物浓度长期增加的影响方面具有强烈的利益，印度该网络的目标是转让有关危害、风险和这些危害的潜在补救/缓解措施的知识，并推动进一步联网、整合、知识转让和共同供资，以更好地了解控制这些重大公共卫生风险的自然和人为过程以及缓解这些风险的有效方法。合作伙伴在这一研究和水资源管理领域有着实质性和互补性的跟踪记录，并将通过工作人员时间和/或实验室和实地基础设施为项目带来重要的共同资金。

项目成果

Neural Network and Random Forest-Based Analyses of the Performance of Community Drinking Water Arsenic Treatment Plants

• DOI: 10.3390/w13243507
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Water
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Animesh Bhattacharya;Saswata Sahu;Venkatesh Telu;Srimanti Duttagupta;S. Sarkar;J. Bhattacharya

Hydrogeochemical evolution and groundwater recharge processes in arsenic enriched area in central Gangetic plain, India

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.105044
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Applied Geochemistry
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Sumant Kumar;S. Joshi;N. Pant;Surjeet Singh;B. Chakravorty;R. Saini;Vinod Kumar;Ankit Singh;N. C. Ghosh;A. Mukherjee;P. Rai;V. Singh

Quantifying the dynamics of sub-daily to seasonal hydrological interactions of Ganges river with groundwater in a densely populated city: Implications to vulnerability of drinking water sources.

量化人口稠密城市中恒河与地下水的次日到季节性水文相互作用的动态：对饮用水源脆弱性的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112384
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of environmental management
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Das P

Impact of Covid-19 Lockdown on Availability of Drinking Water in the Arsenic-Affected Ganges River Basin.

• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062832
• 发表时间: 2021-03-10
• 期刊: International journal of environmental research and public health
• 作者: Duttagupta S;Bhanja SN;Dutta A;Sarkar S;Chakraborty M;Ghosh A;Mondal D;Mukherjee A
• 通讯作者: Mukherjee A

Arsenic exposure from food exceeds that from drinking water in endemic area of Bihar, India.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142082
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: D. Mondal;M. Rahman;S. Suman;P. Sharma;A. Siddique;M. Rahman;A. Bari;Ranjit Kumar;N. Bose;S. K. Singh;A. Ghosh;D. Polya