RamaCam - In situ holographic imaging and chemical spectroscopy for long term scalable analysis of marine particles in deep-sea environments

RamaCam - 原位全息成像和化学光谱，用于深海环境中海洋颗粒的长期可扩展分析

• 批准号: NE/R01227X/1
• 负责人: Blair Thornton
• 金额: $ 10.26万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR01227X%2F1
• 关键词: RamaCam; situ; holographic; imaging; chemical

While modern day ocean sensors are capable of measuring the concentration of chemicals dissolved in seawater to such high sensitivities that we rarely need to sample them, many chemicals form tiny particles in seawater, often with diameters smaller than the width of a human hair, and these act as a blind spot for most of today's sensors. The only way to study these particles in detail, is to recover samples and analyse them in a laboratory. Marine particles include plankton, dead skin shed from whales and fish, faecal pellets as well as micro-plastics and other types of human litter. If you took a bottle of seawater from the surface of the ocean and compared it to seawater from the deep-sea, the number of large particles would be much higher in the surface water, because light from the sun provides energy that can be used by plankton, which form a large proportion of the particles where sunlight can reach within 200 m of the ocean surface. At the same time, we also know that most particles sink, and so it is important for us to understand why there are so few particles in the deep-sea, how much material is sinking to the seafloor, what it is made out of, how fast it sinks, and what proportion of it makes it back up to the sea surface or gets washed on-shore. The reason this is important, is that particles that sink to the seafloor are thought to play an important role in removing carbon from our atmosphere. At the same time, scientists are worried that litter and plastics may accumulate on the seafloor and damage the fragile seafloor ecosystems that exist at an average depth of more than 3800 m below the ocean's surface. The aim of this project, is to demonstrate new ways in which we can improve our ability to study the distribution of different types of particles in the deep-sea. The sensor that will be developed will analyse large volumes of seawater, almost 2/3 of a drinks can a second, in order to gather data in the deep-sea where the relative number of particles is small. The sensor will count the number of particles that pass through it, study their appearance and also perform laser based chemical analysis to identify what these particles are made out of. An important aspect of this work is to achieve this in a compact, low power way. The last point is important to allow large numbers of this new type of sensor to be used to study vast regions of the ocean for several years at a time. This innovative work will be carried out by researchers based in the UK and in Japan, both island nations with a long history of marine research, who will combine their expertise to overcome the difficult challenges that are involved in achieving our goal. By helping researchers in the future achieve a better understanding how particles in the ocean behave, and this can in turn help our governments decide what kinds of policies need to be put in place to preserve our ocean and our atmosphere.

虽然现代海洋传感器能够以如此高的灵敏度测量溶解在海水中的化学物质的浓度，以至于我们几乎不需要采样，但许多化学物质在海水中形成微小的颗粒，其直径往往小于人类头发的宽度，这些颗粒是当今大多数传感器的盲点。对这些颗粒进行详细研究的唯一方法是回收样品，并在实验室中对它们进行分析。海洋颗粒物包括浮游生物、鲸鱼的死皮、粪便颗粒以及微塑料和其他类型的人类垃圾。如果你从海洋表面取一瓶海水，并将其与来自深海的海水进行比较，表面水中大颗粒的数量会高得多，因为来自太阳的光提供了浮游生物可以利用的能量，浮游生物构成了大部分颗粒，阳光可以到达海洋表面200米以内的地方。与此同时，我们也知道大多数颗粒会下沉，所以了解为什么深海中的颗粒这么少，有多少物质下沉到海底，它是由什么组成的，它下沉的速度有多快，以及它有多大比例让它回到海面或被冲上岸，这对我们来说是很重要的。这一点之所以重要，是因为沉入海底的颗粒物被认为在消除我们大气中的碳方面发挥了重要作用。与此同时，科学家们担心，垃圾和塑料可能会堆积在海底，破坏平均存在于海面下3800米以下的脆弱的海底生态系统。这个项目的目的是展示我们能够提高我们研究深海中不同类型颗粒分布的能力的新方法。将开发的传感器将分析大量的海水，几乎三分之二的饮料可以每秒分析，以便在颗粒相对数量较小的深海收集数据。该传感器将计算通过它的颗粒数量，研究它们的外观，并进行基于激光的化学分析，以确定这些颗粒是由什么组成的。这项工作的一个重要方面是以紧凑、低功耗的方式实现这一点。最后一点很重要的一点是，允许大量这种新型传感器一次使用几年来研究广阔的海洋区域。这项创新工作将由英国和日本的研究人员进行，这两个岛国都有悠久的海洋研究历史，他们将结合他们的专业知识来克服实现我们的目标所涉及的困难挑战。通过帮助未来的研究人员更好地了解海洋中颗粒的行为，这反过来可以帮助我们的政府决定需要制定什么样的政策来保护我们的海洋和大气。

项目成果

Methods for surveying deep-sea organisms

调查深海生物的方法

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
• 作者: Lindsay D

Comparison of region proposal methods for marine holograms

海洋全息图区域提议方法比较

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Liu Z

RamaCam: autonomous in-situ monitoring system of marine particles by combining holography and Raman spectroscopy

RamaCam：结合全息术和拉曼光谱的海洋颗粒自主原位监测系统

• DOI: 10.1109/ut49729.2023.10103388
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Takahashi T

Technology for surveying gelatinous zooplankton: 3D imaging and machine learning

胶状浮游动物测量技术：3D 成像和机器学习

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Aquabiology
• 作者: Lindsay D

Advanced subsea imaging technique of digital holography: in situ measurement of marine microscale plankton and particles

先进的数字全息海底成像技术：海洋微型浮游生物和颗粒的原位测量

• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Liu Z