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Solving the evolution of carbonate porosity: a dynamic solution for enhanced oil recovery and carbon capture and storage

解决碳酸盐孔隙度的演变：提高石油采收率以及碳捕获和封存的动态解决方案

基本信息

批准号：
NE/R013519/1
负责人：
Harold Bradbury
金额：
$ 47.62万
依托单位：
University of Cambridge
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR013519%2F1
关键词：
Solving evolution carbonate porosity dynamic

项目摘要

Fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal, provide approximately 80% of the world's energy supplies. During the burning of fossil fuels, carbon is released as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a potent greenhouse gas: when released into the atmosphere it traps outgoing longwave radiation, called the 'greenhouse effect'. Over the last 250 years, since the industrial revolution, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere have been increasing, enhancing the greenhouse effect and hence, global warming. An innovative solution to our continued reliance on carbon-based fuels is Carbon Capture and Storage, which seeks to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released during the burning of fossil fuels by capturing some carbon dioxide and storing it deep underground. This carbon dioxide pumping, or flooding, in deep underground rocks is also used within the oil industry to aid in Enhanced Oil Recovery.There are many challenges related to storing carbon underground, and one of the most important of these is understanding the chemical reactions it will have with the surrounding rock. When carbon dioxide is injected it dissolves in the pore fluid within the rock. Dissolved carbon dioxide is a weak acid, and can dissolve minerals that are soluble in weakly acidic conditions. This particularly impacts rocks made of limestone, due to the solubility of these carbonate minerals. The dissolution of these minerals creates more space within the reservoir, which allows for the storage of further carbon dioxide, but may lead to reservoir collapse if taken to extreme. The addition of dissolved carbon dioxide to reservoir rocks can further stimulate microbial activity, which can create conditions favourable to the formation of carbonate minerals. These can be beneficial as they are chemically stable and therefore store the injected carbon dioxide over long time scales. However the formation of carbonate minerals can also lead to the destruction of the network of spaces within the rocks ("porosity"), which makes further injection impossible. The destruction of porosity also leads to the sealing of the reservoir, making the recovery of further fossils fuels impossible.Our lack of understanding of what happens to carbonate rocks during carbon dioxide injection represents a major gap in our ability to store carbon underground. This fellowship seeks to understand how the addition of carbon dioxide to a carbonate reservoir will stimulate microbial activity, and how this will lead to the generation, or destruction, of porosity. This will be conducted by initially running multiple laboratory experiments to determine how the chemistry of the injected fluid affects the microbial processes within the reservoir rocks. I will use multiple high resolution geochemical tools to track the precipitation or dissolution of carbonate minerals within the reactors. The results from the laboratory experiments will be fed into numerical models, which can be used for predictive purposes, and will identify how changes in the chemistry of the injected fluid and reservoir properties interacts to impact the porosity evolution. Samples will also be measured from multiple carbonate reservoirs in order to compare the laboratory data to current or potential sites for carbon capture and storage. The numerical models once trained with both the laboratory and field data will be used to create a predictive framework to predict the chemistry of the fluid that should be injected into any potential reservoir for carbon capture and storage, and how the particular fluid will lead to the creation or destruction of porosity, dependant upon the required outcome.

化石燃料，如石油、天然气和煤，提供了世界能源供应的大约80%。在化石燃料燃烧过程中，碳以二氧化碳的形式释放。二氧化碳是一种强有力的温室气体：当释放到大气中时，它会捕获向外的长波辐射，称为“温室效应”。自工业革命以来的250年里，大气中的二氧化碳浓度一直在增加，加剧了温室效应，从而导致全球变暖。碳捕获和储存是我们持续依赖碳基燃料的一个创新解决方案，它旨在通过捕获一些二氧化碳并将其储存在地下深处来减少化石燃料燃烧过程中释放的二氧化碳量。在石油工业中，这种将二氧化碳泵入或注入地下岩石的方法也被用于提高石油采收率。在地下储存碳有许多挑战，其中最重要的挑战之一是了解碳与周围岩石的化学反应。当二氧化碳被注入时，它溶解在岩石内部的孔隙流体中。溶解的二氧化碳是一种弱酸，可以溶解在弱酸性条件下可溶的矿物质。由于这些碳酸盐矿物的溶解性，这特别影响由石灰石制成的岩石。这些矿物质的溶解在储层内创造了更多的空间，这允许进一步储存二氧化碳，但如果采取极端措施，可能会导致储层坍塌。向储集岩中加入溶解的二氧化碳可以进一步刺激微生物活动，这可以创造有利于碳酸盐矿物形成的条件。这些可能是有益的，因为它们是化学稳定的，因此可以长时间储存注入的二氧化碳。然而，碳酸盐矿物的形成也会导致岩石内部空间网络（“孔隙度”）的破坏，这使得进一步注入成为不可能。孔隙度的破坏也导致了储层的封闭，使得进一步的化石燃料的回收成为不可能。我们对二氧化碳注入过程中碳酸盐岩发生的变化缺乏了解，这是我们在地下储存碳的能力方面的一个主要差距。该奖学金旨在了解碳酸盐岩储层中添加二氧化碳将如何刺激微生物活动，以及这将如何导致孔隙的产生或破坏。这将通过最初运行多个实验室实验来进行，以确定注入流体的化学性质如何影响储层岩石内的微生物过程。我将使用多种高分辨率地球化学工具来跟踪反应堆内碳酸盐矿物的沉淀或溶解。实验室实验的结果将被输入数值模型，该模型可用于预测目的，并将确定注入流体的化学性质和储层性质的变化如何相互作用以影响孔隙度演变。还将对多个碳酸盐岩储层的样品进行测量，以便将实验室数据与当前或潜在的碳捕获和储存地点进行比较。使用实验室和现场数据训练的数值模型将用于创建预测框架，以预测应注入任何潜在储层进行碳捕获和储存的流体的化学性质，以及特定流体将如何导致孔隙度的产生或破坏，这取决于所需的结果。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The Calcium Isotope Systematics of the Late Quaternary Dead Sea Basin Lakes

DOI：
10.1029/2018gc007898
发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
Geochemistry
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
H. Bradbury;A. Torfstein;Kenneth Wong;A. Turchyn
通讯作者：
H. Bradbury;A. Torfstein;Kenneth Wong;A. Turchyn

The Carbon-Sulfur Link in the Remineralization of Organic Carbon in Surface Sediments

DOI：
10.3389/feart.2021.652960
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
H. Bradbury;A. Turchyn;A. Bateson;G. Antler;A. Fotherby;J. Druhan;M. Greaves;D. Sevilgen;D. Hodell
通讯作者：
H. Bradbury;A. Turchyn;A. Bateson;G. Antler;A. Fotherby;J. Druhan;M. Greaves;D. Sevilgen;D. Hodell

Revisiting the relationship between the pore water carbon isotope gradient and bottom water oxygen concentrations

重新审视孔隙水碳同位素梯度与底层水氧浓度之间的关系