NSFDEB-NERC: Diversity and disease: uniting community and disease ecology to understand how biodiversity affects parasite transmission

NSFDEB-NERC：多样性与疾病：将社区和疾病生态学结合起来，了解生物多样性如何影响寄生虫传播

• 批准号: NE/S013369/1
• 负责人: Andy Fenton
• 金额: $ 30.67万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FS013369%2F1
• 关键词: NSFDEB; NERC; Diversity; disease; uniting

Biodiversity loss and emerging infectious disease are two of the most formidable scientific challenges for the next century. These phenomena are also inextricably linked: infectious diseases can drive biodiversity loss and shape ecological communities, while community diversity can regulate parasite transmission and infection risk. Hence, understanding the relationship between them is paramount, particularly given intensifying changes in biodiversity and species mixing associated with human activities. However, substantial uncertainty and even seemingly contradictory hypotheses have emerged regarding the direction, magnitude, and generality of the diversity-disease relationship. Resolving these disparate lines of research and developing a more predictive framework requires (i) a more mechanistic approach to understand the direct and indirect pathways through which diversity influences transmission and (ii) assessments of how such effects depend on parasite traits, community assembly, and scale. The central aim of this proposal is to integrate parameterized transmission models with field surveys, laboratory experiments, and whole-ecosystem manipulations to identify the mechanisms through which community diversity affects transmission and their relative importance across an entire guild of parasites (amphibian macroparasites).

生物多样性丧失和新出现的传染病是下一个世纪最严峻的科学挑战。这些现象也有着千丝万缕的联系：传染病可以导致生物多样性丧失并塑造生态群落，而群落多样性可以调节寄生虫传播和感染风险。因此，了解它们之间的关系至关重要，特别是考虑到与人类活动有关的生物多样性和物种混合的变化加剧。然而，大量的不确定性，甚至似乎相互矛盾的假设已经出现的方向，规模和多样性疾病的关系的一般性。解决这些不同的研究路线和开发一个更具预测性的框架需要（i）一个更机械的方法来了解多样性影响传播的直接和间接途径，以及（ii）评估这种影响如何取决于寄生虫的特征，社区组装和规模。该建议的中心目标是将参数化的传播模型与实地调查、实验室实验和全生态系统操作相结合，以确定社区多样性影响传播的机制及其在整个寄生虫（两栖类大型寄生虫）行业中的相对重要性。

项目成果

Diverging effects of host density and richness across biological scales drive diversity-disease outcomes

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46091-4
• 发表时间: 2024-03-02
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Johnson，Pieter T. J.;Merrill，Tara E. Stewart;Fenton，Andy
• 通讯作者: Fenton，Andy