HIGH RISK PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DRUG USE AND CRIME

描述：（申请人摘要） 基于我们令人信服的发现， 在一个内城社区内，他们的途径有很大的不同， 成年后，我们要求更多的支持，以更好地了解 经济上的不利因素对病因学和维持 药物使用和其他问题的结果。缺乏令人信服的 科学证据表明，穷人使用的药物比那些 谁不是穷人。然而，政策制定者和社会科学家经常描述， 严重的毒品使用问题危险因素 如我们工作的第一阶段所示，吸毒包括个人， 家庭和邻里特征。现在的重点将放在那些 与贫困和不利条件有关的因素，如收入 福利，生活在贫困线以下，难以支付自己的生活费用， 账单、邻里贫困和相对贫困。我们还将 从邻里关系的角度审视邻里关系， 经济劣势和吸毒。 初始资助赠款的人群包括 流行病学定义的1242名非洲裔美国成年人队列 1967年，他们在市中心伍德劳恩上一年级时， 在芝加哥附近。此外，我们还将在分析中包括 巴尔的摩的出生队列最初是在20世纪60年代初登记的 最近的一次是在1992-1994年，1992年全国住户调查 药物滥用调查和有数据的全国共同调查 1990- 1992年收集。这三个额外的数据集将允许 伍德劳恩研究的结果与其他三个数据集的比较， 所有这些数据都是在大约相同年龄的年轻人身上收集的， 其中一个数据集包括一个巴尔的摩 在人口统计学上与伍德劳恩调查非常相似， 代表全国人口中31-34岁的一个子集， 对照组。添加巴尔的摩纵向数据将 允许我们考虑Woodlawn调查结果的普遍性; 两个国家数据集将提供基准， 国家背景下的样本。 这项研究旨在了解早期发育模式 导致吸毒和其他问题。虽然成人吸毒 和犯罪行为是伍德劳恩队列中的重要问题，许多 在这个弱势社区开始上学的人中， 没有这些问题的成年人。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Based upon our compelling findings that children who began their schooling within an inner city community vary dramatically in their pathways to adulthood, we are requesting additional support to better understand the role that economic disadvantage has for the etiology and maintenance of drug use and other problem outcomes. There is a dearth of convincing scientific evidence that people who are poor, use more drugs than those who are not poor. Yet policy makers and social scientists often describe grave problems of drug use within America's inner cities. The risk factors for drug use as shown in the first stage of our work includes individual, family, and neighborhood characteristics. The focus will now be on those factors that are associated with poverty and disadvantage, such as receipt of welfare, living below the poverty level, having difficulty paying one's bills, neighborhood level poverty, and relative deprivation. We will also examine the neighborhood context in terms of the relationship between economic disadvantage and drug use. The population for the initial funded grant consisted of an epidemiologically defined cohort of 1242 African American adults first studied in 19676, when they were in first grade in Woodlawn, an inner city neighborhood in Chicago. In addition, we will also include in our analyses a Baltimore birth cohort originally enrolled at birth in the early 1960s and most recently followed in 1992-1994, the 1992 National Household Survey of Drug Abuse, and the National Co-Morbidity Survey with data collected in 1990-92. These three additional data sets will allow for the comparison of findings from the Woodlawn Study with three other data sets, all will data collected on young adults of approximately the same age at approximately the same time; one of the data sets includes a Baltimore sample quite similar demographically to the Woodlawn survey, and one represents a subset aged 31-34 of a national population to be used as a comparison group. The addition of the Baltimore longitudinal data will allow us to consider the generalizability of the Woodlawn findings; the two national data sets will provide benchmark to place the two community samples within a national context. This research is designed to understand early developmental patterns leading to drug use and other problem outcomes. Although adult drug use and crime behavior are important problems among the Woodlawn cohort, many of those who began school within this disadvantaged community have reached adulthood without these problems.