Diurnal Variation in Soil Nitrous oxide Emissions (DIVINE): drivers and mechanisms

土壤一氧化二氮排放量的日变化(神圣):驱动因素和机制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    NE/V000624/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 40.93万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2021 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential 298 times that of carbon dioxide. Agriculture contributes approximately two thirds of anthropogenic N2O emissions and is the most challenging sector for emissions reductions. Agriculture is also the largest source of uncertainty for national GHG reporting because N2O emissions are highly variable in space and time and consequently difficult to measure accurately.To achieve the enormous reductions urgently needed, we must be able to accurately measure and predict soil N2O emissions. Our work has demonstrated that N2O emissions can vary diurnally by up to 400% in agricultural soils. This diurnal variation is not captured in current measurements and predictions of N2O emissions. In DIVINE we will investigate for the first time, the mechanistic basis of diurnal variation in N2O emissions and use modelling approaches to quantify how this diurnal variation contributes to uncertainty in N2O emission factors used for GHG inventory reporting. Our aim is to enable more accurate GHG inventory reporting and more effective testing of mitigation strategies for agricultural N2O emissions. Our work has demonstrated that N2O emissions can vary diurnally in fertilised soils with emissions peaking in mid-afternoon. Soil N2O emissions are conventionally measured at a single time of day, leading to significant errors when measurements are scaled up to annual emission estimates. Whilst the existence of diurnal N2O variation is generally accepted, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Greater daytime N2O emissions are typically attributed to increased microbial activity with increasing temperature. However, our recent research suggests light intensity is also important. We hypothesise that this is not a direct effect of light intensity, but rather differences in plant metabolism (photosynthesis and root exudation) between day and night altering soil properties (e.g. carbon availability and oxygen) and so promoting diurnal variation in N2O. It is only recently that we have been able to make these conclusions due to major technological advances that allow us to measure N2O emissions near-continuously from multiple locations over day-night cycles. Supported by this technology we will investigate the importance, drivers and mechanisms of diurnal N2O variation through four work packages. We will: 1. Conduct field experiments over whole crop life-cycles to quantify how diurnal N2O emissions vary with management practices and soil physical properties (WP1); 2. Construct outdoor mesocosms with soil temperature control and shading treatments to determine to what extent temperature and light intensity drive diurnal variations in N2O emissions (WP2). 3. Conduct laboratory experiments to identify the mechanisms by which plant metabolism affects soil nitrogen cycling and amplifies daytime N2O emissions (WP3)4. Quantify how diurnal variation in N2O emissions affects the accuracy of national GHG inventory reporting for agriculture and use Bayesian modelling to improve the accuracy of N2O emission factors by accounting for diurnal variability (WP4). The outcomes of the project will enable diurnal N2O variation to be factored into tools and models for reporting and predicting agricultural GHG emissions and will enable more accurate testing of agricultural N2O mitigation strategies.
一氧化二氮(N2 O)是一种强有力的温室气体(GHG),其全球变暖潜力是二氧化碳的298倍。农业约占人为一氧化二氮排放量的三分之二,是最具挑战性的减排部门。农业也是国家温室气体报告的最大不确定性来源,因为N2 O排放在空间和时间上变化很大,因此难以准确测量,为了实现迫切需要的巨大减排,我们必须能够准确测量和预测土壤N2 O排放。我们的工作表明,在农业土壤中,N2 O排放量的日变化高达400%。这种日变化在目前对N2 O排放量的测量和预测中没有得到反映。在DIVINE中,我们将首次调查N2 O排放日变化的机制基础,并使用建模方法来量化这种日变化如何导致用于温室气体清单报告的N2 O排放因子的不确定性。我们的目标是实现更准确的温室气体清单报告和更有效的农业N2 O排放减缓战略测试。我们的工作表明,N2 O排放量可以在施肥土壤中变化,排放量在下午达到峰值。土壤N2 O排放量通常在一天中的单一时间测量,当测量结果按比例放大到年度排放量估计值时,会导致重大误差。虽然N2 O日变化的存在被普遍接受,但其内在机制却知之甚少。白天N2 O排放量增加通常归因于随着温度升高而增加的微生物活性。然而,我们最近的研究表明,光强度也很重要。我们假设这不是光照强度的直接影响,而是昼夜之间植物代谢(光合作用和根系分泌)的差异改变了土壤性质(例如碳的可用性和氧气),从而促进了N2 O的日变化。直到最近,我们才能够得出这些结论,这是由于重大的技术进步,使我们能够在昼夜周期内从多个地点近乎连续地测量N2 O排放量。在这项技术的支持下,我们将通过四个工作包研究N2 O昼夜变化的重要性,驱动因素和机制。我们将:1.在整个作物生命周期内进行田间试验,以量化N2 O日排放量如何随管理措施和土壤物理性质而变化(WP 1);构建具有土壤温度控制和遮光处理的室外中型生态系统,以确定温度和光照强度在多大程度上驱动N2 O排放的日变化(WP 2)。3.进行实验室实验,以确定植物代谢影响土壤氮循环和放大白天N2 O排放的机制(WP 3)4。量化一氧化二氮排放量的日变化如何影响国家农业温室气体清单报告的准确性,并利用贝叶斯模型通过考虑日变化提高一氧化二氮排放系数的准确性(工作方案4)。该项目的成果将使一氧化二氮的日变化能够被纳入报告和预测农业温室气体排放的工具和模型,并将使农业一氧化二氮减排战略得到更准确的测试。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Diurnal variation in soil nitrous oxide emissions (DIVINE): drivers and mechanisms
土壤一氧化二氮排放量的日变化(DIVINE):驱动因素和机制
  • DOI:
    10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13398
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Keane J
  • 通讯作者:
    Keane J
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Sylvia Toet其他文献

Vascular Plant Responses to Elevated CO2 in a Temperate Lowland Sphagnum Peatland
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s11258-005-9028-9
  • 发表时间:
    2006-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.700
  • 作者:
    Rubén Milla;Johannes H. C. Cornelissen;Richard S. P. van Logtestijn;Sylvia Toet;Rien Aerts
  • 通讯作者:
    Rien Aerts

Sylvia Toet的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Sylvia Toet', 18)}}的其他基金

Upscaling of greenhouse gas emissions from freshwater wetlands
淡水湿地温室气体排放量的增加
  • 批准号:
    NE/P008690/1
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 40.93万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
GREENHOUSE - Generating Regional Emissions Estimates with a Novel Hierarchy of Observations and Upscaled Simulation Experiments
GREENHOUSE - 通过新颖的观测层次和升级模拟实验生成区域排放估算
  • 批准号:
    NE/K002538/1
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 40.93万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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Diurnal Variation in Soil Nitrous oxide Emissions (DIVINE): drivers and mechanisms
土壤一氧化二氮排放量的日变化(神圣):驱动因素和机制
  • 批准号:
    NE/V000837/1
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  • 项目类别:
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