Sources, Sinks and Solutions for Impacts of Plastics on Coastal Communities in Viet Nam

塑料对越南沿海社区影响的源、汇和解决方案

• 批准号: NE/V006088/1
• 负责人: Michel Kaiser
• 金额: $ 459.87万
• 依托单位: Heriot-Watt University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV006088%2F1
• 关键词: Sources; Sinks; Solutions; Impacts; Plastics

The 3SIP2C project is focused on quantifying the types and amount of plastic waste entering the coastal margin of Vietnam, and understanding the pathways and destination of that plastic into the wider environment and marine life, and how this plastic impacts upon business activities such as aquaculture, fisheries, tourism and coastal communities. Vietnam's 3260 km coastline stretches across 28 coastal provinces and supports rural livelihoods that are engaged in coastal tourism, fisheries and aquaculture industries that are between them worth more than US$17 billion per year. These industries are themselves contributors to the plastic waste problem, but are also impacted by that waste, such that it represents a risk to civil society and business performance, health and safety. Our project will focus on plastic waste comprised of large (>50 mm), macro- (5 - 50 mm) and micro-plastics (<5 mm). The project is organised into five work packages, with Capacity Building and Engagement acting as the unifying theme throughout our proposed science, policy and governance programme. Our work packages flow from a fundamental understanding of the physical processes that transport plastics into coastal areas using 3 dimensional particle tracking models that account for seasonal changes in transport processes, and that account for the effects of tides, waves and freshwater inundation on these processes. We will couple this with a broadscale sampling strategy designed to gain insight into the characteristics and quantities of those plastics and the contaminants that are transported into the coastal system. This will be linked to a work package focused primarily on understanding the impacts and causes of large plastics on businesses and civil society associated with coastal communities, which will involve engaging citizens in collection of data on the distribution of large plastic through 'fishing for plastic' and the use of App technology. We take a deeper dive into the pathways by which macro and micro-plastics interact with the environment and interact with organisms, particularly those relevant to businesses such as fisheries and aquaculture. We will use experiments to understand how those plastics and their associated contaminants relate to health and disease threats in e.g. coastal aquaculture systems. We will interrogate the existing national and international legislations and policies that address the issue of plastics in supply chains and investigate where shortcomings in the integration of policies leads to shortfalls in their successful implementation. Finally, using a broad suite of techniques such as discourse analysis, focus groups, round-table discussions, gamification and citizen science, we will greatly increase awareness of the issues associated with plastic pollution and the effective solutions that could reduce its occurrence or its impacts on society. This engagement will interface with citizens at local, regional and national levels, and with managers and Government officials in relevant ministries. This proposal is ambitious with a multidisciplinary team from 8 research institutions and 7 partners in Vietnam covering all regions of the coastline, and HWU in the UK. Our engagement, impact and delivery are further strengthened by strategic partnerships with the wider non-academic collaborations through retailers (The Cooperative, UK; Sainsbury's), major seafood importers and processors (Labeyrie Fine Foods - Lyons Seafood) and a Vietnamese business consortium (IDH-Vietnam) and Vietnamese NGOs Centre for Marine Life, Conservation & Community Development (MCD), and global NGOs the Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI) and Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA). These partners provide the necessary access, expertise and impact translation to realise potential solutions that deliver demonstrable reductions in the causes and consequences of plastic waste in the environment.

3SIP2C项目的重点是量化进入越南沿海边缘的塑料废物的类型和数量，并了解这些塑料进入更广泛的环境和海洋生物的途径和目的地，以及这些塑料如何影响水产养殖、渔业、旅游业和沿海社区等商业活动。越南3260公里的海岸线横跨28个沿海省份，为从事沿海旅游、渔业和水产养殖业的农村生计提供了支持，这些行业每年的价值超过170亿美元。这些行业本身就是塑料废物问题的造成者，但也受到废物的影响，从而对公民社会和企业绩效、健康和安全构成风险。我们的项目将重点关注由大塑料（> 50 毫米）、大塑料（5 - 50 毫米）和微塑料（< 5 毫米）组成的塑料废物。该项目分为五个工作包，其中能力建设和参与作为我们提出的科学、政策和治理计划的统一主题。我们的工作包源于对使用 3 维粒子跟踪模型将塑料运输到沿海地区的物理过程的基本理解，该模型考虑了运输过程中的季节性变化，并考虑了潮汐、波浪和淡水淹没对这些过程的影响。我们将把这一点与大规模采样策略相结合，旨在深入了解这些塑料以及输送到沿海系统的污染物的特征和数量。这将与一个工作包相关联，该工作包主要侧重于了解大型塑料对与沿海社区相关的企业和民间社会的影响和原因，其中将涉及让公民通过“塑料捕鱼”和使用应用程序技术收集有关大型塑料分布的数据。我们更深入地研究宏观和微观塑料与环境和生物体相互作用的途径，特别是与渔业和水产养殖等企业相关的途径。我们将通过实验来了解这些塑料及其相关污染物如何与健康和疾病威胁相关，例如：沿海水产养殖系统。我们将审视解决供应链中塑料问题的现有国家和国际立法和政策，并调查政策整合中的缺陷导致其成功实施的不足。最后，利用话语分析、焦点小组、圆桌讨论、游戏化和公民科学等广泛的技术，我们将大大提高人们对塑料污染相关问题的认识，以及可以减少其发生或其对社会影响的有效解决方案。这种接触将与地方、区域和国家各级的公民以及相关部委的管理人员和政府官员进行接触。该提案雄心勃勃，由来自越南 8 个研究机构和 7 个合作伙伴的多学科团队组成，覆盖海岸线所有地区以及英国 HWU。通过零售商（The Cooperative，英国；Sainsbury's）、主要海鲜进口商和加工商（Labeyrie Fine Foods - Lyons Seafood）和越南商业财团（IDH-Vietnam）以及越南非政府组织海洋生物、保护和社区发展中心（MCD）以及全球 非政府组织包括全球幽灵装备倡议 (GGGI) 和全球水产养殖联盟 (GAA)。这些合作伙伴提供必要的渠道、专业知识和影响转化，以实现潜在的解决方案，从而显着减少环境中塑料废物的原因和后果。

项目成果

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Fully nonlinear investigation on energy transfer between long waves and short-wave groups over a reef

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2022.104240
• 发表时间: 2022-10
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Anthropocene microplastic stratigraphy of Xiamen Bay, China: A history of plastic production and waste management.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119215
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Water research
• 影响因子: 12.8
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Effect of Wind-Wave-Current Interaction on Oil Spill in the Yangtze River Estuary

• DOI: 10.3390/jmse11030494
• 发表时间: 2023-02
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• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: C. Kuang;Jilong Chen;Jie Wang;R. Qin;Jiadong Fan;Q. Zou

Unified analytical solution for group-induced infragravity waves based on Green's function

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2023.475
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Zhiling Liao;Q. Zou;Ye Liu;S. Contardo;Shaowu Li