POPULATION GENETICS OF NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES

美洲原住民部落的人口遗传学

• 批准号: 6097546
• 负责人: Jeffrey C. LONG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6097546
• 关键词: European; Native Americans; alleles; clinical research; culture; gene frequency; human genetic material tag; human population genetics; human subject; human tissue; language; linkage mapping

The purpose of this work is to ascertain the numbers of alleles, allele frequencies, and allele frequency differences among American Indian tribes. The genetic systems being typed are the same as those being used currently in our genetic linkage analyses. Approximately 30 individuals from each of 20 tribes collected primarily at the Albuquerque Indian Hospital between the years 1992 and 1994 are being analyzed. Various tests for allele frequency differences between tribal groupings based on cultural and linguistic affinities are being performed. In order to more fully quantify isolate structure, and exploit such populations for linkage analyses, we have developed a maximum likelihood method to characterize populations by their levels of gene identity. We have applied this method to microsatellite typings for three American Indian and three European populations. Low gene identity was observed in Europeans, approximately 28%. By contrast, gene identity was higher in all American Indian populations, about 39%. In the past year, we have studied patterns of gene diversity in 7 samples from populations in the Southwest and Alaska. These populations all speak closely related Athabascan languages, in spite of their dispersed geographic locations. When compared to non-Athabascan speaking neighbors, we do not find a strong tendency for these populations to comprise a unified gene pool. Rather, geographic proximity is the best predictor of the genetic relationship. This is true regardless of the culture tradition shared or the language spoken. This information is important to genetic linkage and disease association studies on American Indians because failure to account for population diversity can result in false evidence for linkage, and allelic heterogeneity among groups can create spurious associations with disease.

这项工作的目的是确定 等位基因、等位基因频率和等位基因频率的差异 美洲印第安人部落。正在进行分类的遗传系统是 与我们目前在遗传连锁分析中使用的相同。 从20个部落中的每个部落收集了大约30只个体 主要是在阿尔伯克基印第安人医院 1992年和1994年正在进行分析。各种等位基因测试 基于文化的部落分组之间的频率差异 语言上的亲和力正在被演绎。为了更充分地 量化隔离结构，并利用这些种群进行连锁 分析后，我们开发了一种极大似然方法来 通过基因同一性水平来描述种群的特征。我们有 将该方法应用于三个美国人的微卫星分型 印第安人和三个欧洲人。低基因同一性是 在欧洲人中观察到，大约28%。相比之下，吉恩 在所有美国印第安人群体中，认同感更高，约为39%。 在过去的一年里，我们研究了7种基因多样性的模式 样本来自西南部和阿拉斯加的人口。这些 人们都说密切相关的阿萨巴斯加语，尽管 他们分散的地理位置。与之相比 不会说阿萨巴斯语的邻居，我们找不到强者 这些群体构成统一基因库的趋势。 相反，地理上的接近是遗传基因最好的预测因素 两性关系。这一点是正确的，无论是共同的文化传统还是 所说的语言。这一信息对遗传学很重要 美洲印第安人的连锁和疾病关联研究 因为未能考虑到种群多样性可能会导致 群体间连锁和等位基因异质性的虚假证据 可能会造成与疾病的虚假联系。