Dry deposition processes of volatile organic compounds (VOCDep)

挥发性有机化合物的干沉积工艺 (VOCDep)

• 批准号: NE/V01272X/1
• 负责人: Eiko Nemitz
• 金额: $ 77.55万
• 依托单位: UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV01272X%2F1
• 关键词: Dry; deposition; processes; volatile; organic

A large range of different volatile organic chemical compounds (VOCs) are released to the atmosphere from vegetation and human activities such as fossil fuel burning and the use of consumer care products. Together with nitrogen oxides, VOCs are one of the two key ingredients for the formation of tropospheric ground-level ozone pollution, causing impacts on human health, biodiversity decline and crop losses. Similarly, through a series of chemical reactions in the atmosphere, many VOCs end up forming the organic fraction of particulate matter (PM) with major impacts on human health around the globe. VOC emissions are needed in models to predict air quality and its impacts and climate change. These models are used to assess measures to reduce emissions to safeguard the health of humans and the environment. For these model predictions to be reliable, the models need to accurately represent VOC emissions, chemical transformation, but also the deposition to vegetation. Whilst considerable effort has gone into the first two aspects, very little is known about the deposition of the various VOC compounds, with deposition rates usually estimated from the behaviour of other (inorganic) compounds with no validation through actual measurements.This project will make use of recent improvements in VOC measurement technology to perform the first comprehensive study of the rate and processes that control the deposition of a wide range of different VOC compounds of environmental concern. This will be achieved through three different, complementary experimental approaches: (a) the study of VOC uptake to vegetation in the laboratory using gas exchange chambers, (b) the study of VOC uptake to natural and artificial liquid water films and (c) two measurement campaigns of VOC exchange with vegetation, focussing on urban parkland and forest. The results from these measurements and existing datasets from project partners will be used to derive improved model descriptions of the deposition process for incorporation into the numerical models. We will then use two atmospheric chemistry and transport models, a simpler model that can be operated at high spatial resolution and is used to support European and UK policy, and a model with a more detailed description of the chemistry of isoprene, the compound that dominates plant emissions globally to assess the impacts of the new deposition rates on model performance with emphasis on ozone formation, PM formation and the particular role of isoprene in PM formation.

植被和人类活动（例如化石燃料燃烧和消费护理产品的使用）会向大气中释放大量不同的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)。挥发性有机化合物与氮氧化物一起是形成对流层地面臭氧污染的两个关键成分之一，对人类健康、生物多样性下降和农作物损失造成影响。同样，通过大气中的一系列化学反应，许多挥发性有机化合物最终形成颗粒物 (PM) 的有机部分，对全球人类健康产生重大影响。模型中需要挥发性有机化合物排放来预测空气质量及其影响和气候变化。这些模型用于评估减少排放的措施，以保护人类和环境的健康。为了使这些模型预测可靠，模型需要准确地表示 VOC 排放、化学转化以及植被沉积。虽然在前两个方面已经付出了相当大的努力，但人们对各种 VOC 化合物的沉积知之甚少，沉积速率通常根据其他（无机）化合物的行为来估计，而没有通过实际测量进行验证。该项目将利用 VOC 测量技术的最新改进，对控制各种环境问题的不同 VOC 化合物的沉积速率和过程进行首次全面研究。这将通过三种不同的、互补的实验方法来实现：(a) 使用气体交换室研究实验室植被吸收 VOC 的情况，(b) 研究天然和人造液态水膜吸收 VOC 的情况，以及 (c) 两项 VOC 与植被交换的测量活动，重点关注城市公园绿地和森林。这些测量结果和项目合作伙伴的现有数据集将用于导出沉积过程的改进模型描述，以便纳入数值模型。然后，我们将使用两个大气化学和传输模型，一个更简单的模型，可以在高空间分辨率下运行，用于支持欧洲和英国的政策，以及一个更详细地描述异戊二烯化学性质的模型，异戊二烯是全球植物排放的主要化合物，以评估新沉积率对模型性能的影响，重点是臭氧形成、PM 形成以及异戊二烯在 PM 形成中的特殊作用。

项目成果

Evaluation of isoprene light response curves for bryophyte-dominated ecosystems and implications for atmospheric composition

以苔藓植物为主的生态系统的异戊二烯光响应曲线评估及其对大气成分的影响

• DOI: 10.1088/2752-664x/aca2ad
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Langford B