LASER-ENVI - A LASER spectrometer-based ENVIronmental Gas and Gas-Isotope Facility

LASER-ENVI - 基于激光光谱仪的环境气体和气体同位素设施

• 批准号: NE/V015435/1
• 负责人: Alexandra Turchyn
• 金额: $ 112.66万
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV015435%2F1
• 关键词: LASER; ENVI; spectrometer; based; ENVIronmental

Earth is a habitable planet because of the particular mixture and pressure of gases it contains in its atmosphere. These gases are involved in a range of processes across Earth's surface that both consume and produce them, creating 'cycles' that result in a planetary atmosphere that is warm, habitable, and critically for eukaryotic life, contains atmospheric oxygen. Importantly today, the concentration of the gases that keep the planet warm, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are increasing dramatically, causing anthropogenic global warming. Tracing the sources of these gases, their consumption, and the processes they are involved in across Earth's surface informs our understanding of the functioning of our planet under stress and may help with predicting how various processes that consume and produce these greenhouse gases may change under future rising temperature and sea level. One of the most powerful tools for tracing the various sources and sinks of gas to the atmosphere is the measurement of the stable isotopic composition of these gases. This analysis has in the past been limited to large sample sizes, and by the ability to preserve samples from the environment to the laboratory. Furthermore the traditional measurement of gas concentration and isotopic composition, via isotope-ratio mass spectrometry - highly powerful technology, but large and energy inefficient. Analytical advancements in the last decade in laser spectroscopy is revolutionising the field of research in the analysis of gas concentration and isotopes, making compact, energy-efficient equipment. Because they are compact, they can be field-deployable, allowing more analyses and avoiding the risks associated with returning samples to the laboratory. The analytical capabilities within the field of laser spectroscopy have accelerated in the past decade, yielding instruments capable of measuring the concentration of key gases, their isotopic composition and, for some gases, the ordering of the isotopes within the gas molecule. This technological development means we are at the forefront of being able to fully resolve the gas cycle across a range of natural environments. Furthermore, the analysis time is orders-of-magnitude shorter than conventional IRMS, allowing far higher throughput of samples. The UK has the potential to be at the forefront of this technology, with the ability to measure the isotopic composition of various gases. Although there are individual laser spectrometers at Universities throughout the UK, there is no national facility that can measure the full range of concentrations and isotopes of climatologically relevant gases across the diverse range of environments and natural abundances. Given the complexity and interconnectedness the questions being asked, and the need to measure more than one species on individual samples, a dedicated facility with a suite of instruments that may be used in tandem on the same samples is required.

地球是一个适合居住的行星，因为它的大气层中含有特殊的气体混合物和压力。这些气体参与了地球表面的一系列过程，这些过程既消耗又产生它们，创造了“循环”，导致行星大气层温暖，适合居住，对真核生物至关重要，含有大气氧气。重要的是，今天，保持地球温暖的气体，特别是二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4）的浓度正在急剧增加，导致人为全球变暖。追踪这些气体的来源，它们的消耗以及它们在地球表面所参与的过程，可以帮助我们了解地球在压力下的运作，并可能有助于预测在未来气温和海平面上升的情况下，消耗和产生这些温室气体的各种过程可能会发生什么变化。追踪大气中各种气体源和汇的最有力工具之一是测量这些气体的稳定同位素组成。过去，这种分析仅限于大样本量，并且受将样本从环境中保存到实验室的能力的限制。此外，传统的气体浓度和同位素组成的测量，通过同位素比质谱-非常强大的技术，但大，能源效率低。激光光谱学在过去十年中的分析进展正在彻底改变气体浓度和同位素分析的研究领域，使设备紧凑，节能。由于它们结构紧凑，可以进行现场部署，允许进行更多的分析，并避免了将样品返回实验室的相关风险。在过去十年中，激光光谱学领域的分析能力得到了加速发展，产生了能够测量关键气体浓度、同位素组成以及某些气体的同位素在气体分子中的排序的仪器。这一技术发展意味着我们处于能够完全解决一系列自然环境中气体循环的最前沿。此外，分析时间比传统的IRMS短几个数量级，允许更高的样品吞吐量。英国有可能走在这项技术的最前沿，有能力测量各种气体的同位素组成。虽然在英国各地的大学都有单独的激光光谱仪，但没有国家设施可以测量各种环境和自然丰度中与气候相关的气体的全部浓度和同位素。考虑到所提出问题的复杂性和相互关联性，以及需要对单个样品测量一个以上的物种，需要一个专门的设施，配备一套仪器，可以对相同的样品串联使用。

项目成果

Mountain permafrost in the Central Pyrenees: insights from the Devaux ice cave

• DOI: 10.5194/tc-17-477-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: The Cryosphere
• 作者: M. Bartolomé;Gérard Cazenave;M. Luetscher;C. Spötl;F. Gázquez;Á. Belmonte;A. Turchyn;J. López‐Moreno;Ana Moreno

Glacial retreat driving enhanced methane emissions in the high Arctic

冰川退缩导致北极高地甲烷排放量增加

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-15412
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Kleber G

Potential impacts of sea level rise on methane production in a UK estuary

海平面上升对英国河口甲烷产量的潜在影响

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-10507
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Dietrich Z

Groundwater springs formed during glacial retreat are a large source of methane in the high Arctic

冰川退缩期间形成的地下水泉是北极高地甲烷的重要来源

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01210-6
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Kleber G